Table 3. Sociodemographic Predictors of Body Mass Index Underestimation Among Normal-Weight and Overweight or Obese Survey Respondents, Nairobi, Kenya, 2008–2009.

Characteristic	Normal Weight			Overweight or Obese
	No. of Respondents	% Who Under-estimated BMI	OR (95% CI)	No. of Respondents	% Who Under-estimated BMI	OR (95% CI)
Age, y
18–29	819	15.5	1 [Reference]	202	64.9	1 [Reference]
30–39	705	15.9	1.09 (0.80–1.49)	318	60.4	0.90 (0.61–1.33)
40–49	676	13.0	0.87 (0.62–1.23)	398	56.8	0.80 (0.55–1.18)
50–59	551	13.8	0.84 (0.57–1.24)	309	47.9	0.53a (0.35–0.80)
≥60	362	15.2	1.10 (0.68–1.77)	217	36.4	0.38a (0.23–0.63)
Sex
Female	1,167	17.6	1 [Reference]	983	58.9	1 [Reference]
Male	1,946	13.0	0.71a (0.56–0.89)	461	42.7	0.50a (0.38–0.65)
Marital status
Married/cohabiting	2,203	13.5	1 [Reference]	984	53.5	1 [Reference]
Never married	488	17.8	1.24 (0.90–1.71)	142	62.7	1.17 (0.78–1.78)
Ever married	422	17.2	1.21 (0.85–1.72)	318	50.6	0.85 (0.61–1.18)
Education
Less than primary	681	17.3	1 [Reference]	393	55.7	1 [Reference]
Primary	1,373	14.3	0.77 (0.59–1.01)	554	56.7	0.89 (0.67–1.17)
Secondary	619	12.9	0.74 (0.52–1.03)	274	54.0	0.78 (0.55–1.10)
College/university	72	15.3	0.88 (0.44–1.76)	29	58.6	0.97 (0.43–2.17)
SES quintilesb
Lowest (poorest)	678	14.9	—	248	50.0	—
Second	484	15.9	—	188	51.6	—
Middle	551	14.7	—	174	56.9	—
Fourth	673	16.3	—	333	52.5	—
Highest (least poor)	635	12.0	—	464	56.6	—

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; SES, socioeconomic status.

^a P < .001 from multivariate logistic regression.

^b Socioeconomic status was excluded from the model because of lack of significance in the univariate logistic regression analysis.