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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychol Addict Behav. 2012 Oct 22;27(3):10.1037/a0030475. doi: 10.1037/a0030475

Table 3.

Factors, Items, Standardized Item Loadings and Z-Scores for the Protective Behavioral Strategies (PBS) Scale in Two Independent Samples of Young Adult Drinkers

Dataset
University (n = 173) Clinical (n = 168)

Factor and Item Item
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z-score Item
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z-score
Factor 1 – Direct Strategies

Count of the number of drinks I have over the course of the night 0.56 7.26 0.63 8.47
Have a set number of drinks I will have for the social occasion 0.60 7.94 0.62 7.40
Space my drinks out over time 0.75 13.86 0.76 13.79
Alternate alcoholic drinks with non-alcoholic drinks 0.66 9.84 0.69 13.00
Drink for quality not quantity 0.56 8.20 0.46 4.65
Avoid drinking games 0.52 6.59 0.44 5.58

Factor 2 – Indirect Strategies

Have a reliable designated driver 0.96 40.31 0.81 13.63
Pre-plan transportation to get home 0.86 24.19 0.84 16.82
Use protection with a sexual partner 0.44 5.36 0.36 4.04
Have a plan with a friend to watch out for each other 0.57 8.28 0.43 5.55