Table 1.
Antimicrobial activities of Artemisia absinthum, Artemisia santonicum and Saponaria officinalis.
| Microorganisms |
Artemisia absinthum
|
Artemisia santonicum
|
Saponaria officinalis
|
Positive control a | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aqueous | Methanolic | Aqueous | Methanolic | Aqueous | Methanolic | ||
| Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 | - | 19 | - | 18 | - | 10 | 17 (NV 30) |
| Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 | 12 | 15 | 12 | 18 | - | 18 | 20 (SCF 105) |
| Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 176 | - | 11 | - | 12 | - | - | 30 (NV5) |
| Salmonella typmiruim RSSK 95091 | - | 13 | - | 13 | - | 12 | 9 (OFX 10) |
| Saccharomyces cereviciae 6541 | - | 9 | - | 18 | - | - | 8 (AMP 20) |
| Bacillus cereus 6230 | - | 13 | - | 19 | - | - | 12 (CC 2) |
| Candida albicans ATCC 1223 | - | 9 | - | 6 | - | 10 | 15 (AMP 20) |
| Streptococcus thermophilus 6453 | - | 15 | 8 | 18 | 9 | 10 | 10 (OFX 10) |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 | - | 17 | 10 | 23 | - | 19 | 36 (TE 30) |
| Klebsiella pneumonia subsp. pneumonia 2124 | 8 | 8 | - | 6 | - | 8 | 13 (OFX 10) |
| Staphylococcus hominis 3221 | 7 | 17 | 9 | 21 | - | 23 | 24 (KF 30) |
| Enterobacter cloaceae 7418 | - | 8 | - | 9 | -- | 7 | 10 (OFX 10) |
| Escherichia coli 1328 | 7 | 11 | - | 10 | - | 8 | 18 (CC 2) |
| Proteus mirabilis 3242 | - | 10 | - | 8 | - | 7 | 12 (OFX 10) |
| Klebsiella pneumonia subsp. ozanae 5713 | - | 6 | - | 8 | - | 6 | 19 (CC 2) |
| Providencia alcaliaciens 3215 | 11 | 14 | - | 13 | - | 12 | 10 (AZM) |
| Acinetobacter lwoffi 2819 | - | 11 | 7 | 14 | 10 | 11 | 17 (AMC 30) |
| Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes 3445 | - | 6 | - | 8 | - | - | 24 (OFX 10) |
| Pseudomonas fluorescens 7324 | 9 | 6 | - | 8 | - | 6 | 31 (OFX 10) |
| Pseudomonas putida 1617 | - | 16 | 7 | 18 | 7 | 22 | 16 (TE 30) |
| Flavobacterium indologenes 1520 | - | 6 | - | 8 | 11 | - | 27 (AZM 15) |
| Yersinia enterocolitica 0184 | 11 | 6 | - | 8 | 7 | 6 | 26 (AZM 15) |
| Alcaligenes feacalis 0452 | - | - | - | 12 | - | - | 7 (SAM 20) |
| Penicillium brevicompactum | - | 9 | - | 7 | - | 8 | 14 (AMP 20) |
| Trichothecium roseum | - | 11 | - | 16 | - | - | 21 (AMP 20) |
| Aspergillus niger | - | - | - | 7 | - | - | 21 (AMP 20) |
a SCF105 (30 μg sulbactam + 75 μg cefoperazona/disc), NV30 (30 μg novobiocin/disc), NV5 (5 μg novobiocin/disc), SAM20 (10 μg sulbactam + 10 μg ampicillin/disc), CC2 (2 μg clindamycin/disc), OFX10 (10 μg Ofloxacin/disc), AMC30 (20 μg amoxicillin + 10 μg clavulanic asit/disc), KF30 (30 μg cephalothin/disc), TE30 (30 μg tetracycline/disc), AZM15 (15 μg azithromycin/disc), AMP (20 μg/disk Amphotericin) were used as positive reference standards antibiotic discs (oxoid