Figure 2. Behaviors of HPA mice.

Elevated Plus Maze (A, B, C). Compared to Cntr mice, all other groups showed decrease in distance moved (B) and total entries (A), but no significant differences in the percent of time and entries in open arms (B). Open Field Test (D, E). Compared to Cntr mice, m-PKU and c-PKU showed significant decrease in distance moved (D) and velocity (E). Object Recognition Test (F, G). Results are expressed as mean time spent exploring the two identical objects during pre-test session (F) and as time spent exploring either the novel or the familiar object during test session (G). Only Cntr and m-HPA mice showed object recognition ability, spending more time exploring novel object that the familiar one. Delayed Alternation Task (H). The performance below the criterion level (dotted line) was evident in the m-HPA mice after the shortest delay (30 sec).

All data are are expressed as means + S.E.M.

*,*** p<0.05, 0.001 vs. all other groups; # p<0.05 vs. familiar object.