Table 1.

BDAE outcome measures.

	Sub-test	Description
Naming	BNT short form	Participants are presented with the following pictures and asked to name them: house, comb, toothbrush, octopus, bench, volcano, canoe, beaver, cactus, hammock, stethoscope, unicorn, tripod, sphinx, and palette.
	Responsive naming	Participants are required to answer questions such as “What color is grass?” and “What do we tell the time with?” Two points are given for responses within 5 s, one point for over 5 s.
	Naming in categories	Participants are required to name pictures organized into categories of colors, animals, actions, and tools/implements.
Connected speech	Cookie theft description	Participants are asked to describe a complex scene presented in picture format. They are scored on the longest phrase produced.
Repetition	Single words, non-sense words, sentences	Participants are asked to repeat single words, non-sense words and sentences.
Auditory comprehension	Basic word descrimination	Participants are asked to point to a verbally presented object from a selection of pictures.
	Commands	Participants are asked to follow instructions to, for example, “point to the ceiling and then to the floor.” One point is awarded for each component of the command that is completed correctly.
	Complex ideational material	Participants are required to answer yes/no questions about a verbally presented paragraph. Each question consists of two yes/no questions. Both must be answered correctly for one point.