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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Evol Dev. 2013 May;15(3):10.1111/ede.12035. doi: 10.1111/ede.12035

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

Chemically modulating RA signaling in anuran embryos shifts the location of the GD loop along the anterioposterior axis of the gut tube. The stomach-duodenal boundary in each species is indicated by expression of the homeobox transcription factor Nkx2.5. The GD loop (red arrowhead) is located adjacent to the Nkx2.5 expression domain (black arrowhead) in Xenopus controls (A; NF42), but it is shifted posteriorly following DEAB treatment (C; NF45). Conversely, the GD loop is located posterior to Nkx2.5 expression in Lepidobatrachus controls (B; GS23), but it is shifted anteriorly following RA treatment (D, GS23).