Table 2.

Results of Individual Studies That Were Not Pooled, With Outcomes Presented as Mean Difference and 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) Comparing a Physical Therapy Treatment With Another Form of Physical Therapy Treatment or Control^a

^aFor all comparisons, effect estimates represent the group receiving the first therapy listed minus the group receiving the second therapy listed. Therefore, positive effect estimates indicate a lower mean score for first therapy listed, and negative values indicate a lower score for the second therapy listed. US=ultrasound, VAS=visual analog scale, NRS=numeric rating scale, RMDQ=Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, ODI=Oswestry Disability Index. *P<.05.