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Effect of each consumer removal (-) and consumer presence (+). on decomposition rate (A), NPP (B), infiltration (C), and average multifunctionality (D). Means and SEM confidence intervals are from pair-wise comparison of main effects of consumer removals from three-way ANOVAs (crab × snail × fungicide), and asterisk represents significant (P < 0.0001) differences from post hoc Tukey tests between removal (-) and present (+) for each consumer.
