Figure 2.

Representative confocal microscope images of various ark1 and agd1 double mutants. Roots were stained with propidum iodide and a series of optical sections were projected and rendered using Volocity 6.3 software to more accurately visualize the resulting shapes of the double mutants. (A,B) Note that multiple root hair tips appear to emerge at various points in elongating ark1 act2 root hairs (arrows) while multiple tips in agd1 act2 are restricted to early initiation (arrowheads). (C,D) In ark1 cow and agd1 cow1, multiple root hairs tips are prevalent at a single initiation point (arrows). (E,F) Bulbous root hairs are a typical feature of ark1 pip5k3. Some bulbous root hairs appear to have two tips (arrows). Like agd1 act2 and agd1 cow1, agd1 pip5k3 root hairs have multiple root hairs emerging from one initiation point (arrows). (G) ark1 rhd4 root hairs have new tips emerging throughout root hair elongation (arrows) and exhibit wavy growth typical of ark1 single mutants (arrowhead). (H) agd1 rhd4 root hairs resemble rhd4 single mutants. (I) Root hairs of ark1 agd1 root hairs are mostly similar to the multiple tip phenotype (arrows) exhibited by agd1 act2, agd1 cow1, ark1 cow1, and agd1 pip5k3. Bars = 50 μm.