Table 3.

The relative changes in the presence/absence and attendance from PF to degraded forest for mixed-species flocks. (Species were recorded as absent when detected in PF but not degraded habitats and decreasing attendance when detected in both habitats but in a lower relative proportion. Magnitude of change describes the average differences in encounter rate between primary and degraded habitats.)

habitat type	% spp. absent	% spp. decreasing attendance	mean magnitude of change
10 ha	3.0	47.7	−3.79 ± 2.50
secondary forest	12.3	47.7	−5.75 ± 3.44
primary-secondary	3.3	56.7	−2.62 ± 4.37
100 ha	2.4	55.1	−1.94 ± 2.50