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Epigenetic modifications. DNA in the genome is wrapped around nucleosomes, made of histones. Histone tails can undergo multiple different type of modifications: methylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, sumoylation, and phosphorylation. Transcription factors can bind only to open chromatin areas; these areas can be identified by DNaseI hypersensitivity. Cytosines in the DNA can be modified by methylation.
