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Model for possible modulation of aggressive behavior in Drosophila. Twz and TfAP-2 interact in octopaminergic neurons, possibly to regulate TfAP-2 activity. TfAP-2 induces the expression of Tbh and Vmat, which in turn regulate octopamine production and release from octopaminergic neurons. Octopamine signals to the IPCs to induce Dsk. Dsk signals to induce male aggressive behavior, while inhibiting mating behavior in males.
