Table 1.

Sample characteristics (N = 144)

	M or %	SD	Range
Maternal characteristics
Socioeconomic statusa	20.1	8.5	8 - 46
Age at delivery	26.8	6.2	17.1 - 43.8
Parity	2.2	1.3	1 - 8
Years of school completed	8.6	2.6	0 - 12
Percent married	31.3	---	---
Raven scoreb	28.2	10.5	6 - 55
Depression
BDIc	15.3	11.6	0 - 53
SCIDd (n = 134)	22.9	---	---
EPDSe (n = 133)	15.7	3.4	7 - 22
Spielberger anxietyf
State	34.6	9.1	20 - 75
Trait	44.1	8.9	25 - 67
Perceived life stressg (n = 117)	17.8	18.2	0 - 102
Daily average (oz AA)h
At conception (n = 79)	1.5	1.6	0.02 - 11.6
During pregnancy (n = 85)	0.9	1.0	0.01 - 7.4
Average drinks/occasion (oz AA)h
At conception (n = 79)	4.3	2.7	0.3 - 15.4
During pregnancy (n = 85)	3.9	2.5	0.6 - 15.4
Number of drinking days/weekh
At conception (n = 79)	2.3	1.5	0.1 - 7.0
During pregnancy (n = 85)	1.5	1.1	0.03 - 6.7
Marijuana use (days/week, n = 14)h	2.4	2.0	0.03 - 7.0
Cigarettes/day (n = 101)h	7.9	6.1	0.4 - 40.0
Infant characteristics
Gender (% male)	53.5	---	---
Gestational age (wk)	38.7	2.4	29 - 43
Birthweight (g)	2878	576	1130 - 4240
Head circumference (cm) (n = 143)	32.8	1.9	23 - 36

^aHollingshead Four-Factor Index of Social Status (Hollingshead, 1975) assessed prenatally. Maternal demographic data also collected at prenatal visit.

^bRaven Progressive Matrices (Raven et al., 1996) administered at prenatal visit.

^cBeck Depression Inventory (Beck et al., 1996) data collected at prenatal and 6.5- and 12-month visits from the mother were averaged for the three assessments.

^dStructured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID) Major Depression Module administered at 6.5 months.

^eEdinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (Cox et al., 1987) administered at 6.5 months.

^fState-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger et al., 1983) administered at prenatal visit.

^gAdapted from Holmes and Rahe (1967) administered at 12-month visit.

^hConsumers only; AA=absolute alcohol.