Table 2. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality according to quartile of DSST score (N = 811).
| Quartile | No. | Deceased (%) |
Mean ± SD (range) |
Model 1a | Model 2b | Model 3c | |||
| HR (95% CI) |
P | HR (95% CI) |
P | HR (95% CI) |
P | ||||
| Fourth (reference) |
200 | 26 (13.0) |
50.1 ± 6.3 (43–73) |
1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Third | 194 | 37 (19.1) |
38.1 ± 2.1 (35–42) |
1.84 (1.11–3.06) |
0.018 | 1.59 (0.96–2.67) |
0.073 | 1.62 (0.97–2.72) |
0.068 |
| Second | 210 | 49 (23.3) |
30.9 ± 1.9 (28–34) |
2.02 (1.24–3.30) |
0.005 | 1.74 (1.06–2.86) |
0.029 | 1.73 (1.05–2.87) |
0.033 |
| First | 207 | 70 (33.8) |
22.4 ± 4.6 (5–27) |
3.42 (2.09–5.58) |
<0.001 | 2.76 (1.66–4.56) |
<0.001 | 2.55 (1.51–4.29) |
<0.001 |
aAdjusted for baseline characteristics, including age, sex, education level, and depressive symptoms.
bAdjusted for covariates in Model 1 plus chronic disease, sensory deficit, instrumental activities of daily living, and walking speed at baseline.
cAdjusted for covariates in Model 2 plus cognitive impairment at baseline.