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. 2013 Dec 26;4:991. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00991

Table 3.

The sources and names of all “basic emotion” terms considered.

Source Included terms
Ekman et al., 1969 Anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, surprise
Ekman, 1999 Amusement, anger, contempt, contentment, disgust, embarrassment, excitement, fear, guilt, happiness, interest, pleasure, pride, relief, sadness, satisfaction, shame, surprise
Kassam et al., 2013 Anger, disgust, envy, fear, happiness, lust, sadness, shame
Osgood et al., 1957 Active, bad, good, passive, strong, weak
Panksepp, 1982 Care, fear, lust, panic, play, rage, seeking
Plutchik, 1980 Anger, anticipation, disgust, fear, joy, sadness, surprise
Reizenzein, 2009 Aversion, desire, disappointment, fear, happiness, hope, relief, surprise, unhappiness
Robinson et al., 2004 Approach, arouse, away, danger, evaluate, from, safe, to, toward, withdraw
Stevenson et al., 2007 Anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness
Tomkins, 1962, 1963: Mild terms Anger, contempt, distress, enjoyment, fear, interest, shame, surprise
Tomkins, 1962, 1963: Strong terms Anguish, disgust, excitement, humiliation, joy, rage, startle, terror
Wundt, 1896 Depression, excitement, pleasant, relaxation, tension, unpleasant

For more details, see the Appendix.