Table 4.
Total Mortality Risk Among Never Smokers in Relation to Weight Change During 3 Age Intervals, National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study, 1996–2009
| Age Interval and Weight Change, kg/year | No. of Deaths | Multivariate Hazard Ratioa | 95% Confidence Interval | P-trendb | Adjusted Death Ratec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18–35 years | 10,449 | <0.0005 | |||
| Loss of >0.2 | 0.88 | 0.79, 0.98 | 9.3 | ||
| Stable (±0.2) | 1.0 | Referent | 7.7 | ||
| Gain of >0.2–0.6 | 1.10 | 1.04, 1.16 | 8.0 | ||
| Gain of >0.6–1 | 1.26 | 1.18, 1.34 | 9.5 | ||
| Gain of >1 | 1.66 | 1.55, 1.78 | 13.4 | ||
| 35–50 years | 10,734 | <0.0005 | |||
| Loss of >0.2 | 1.06 | 0.98, 1.14 | 9.9 | ||
| Stable (±0.2) | 1.0 | Referent | 7.4 | ||
| Gain of >0.2–0.6 | 1.04 | 0.99, 1.09 | 7.8 | ||
| Gain of >0.6–1 | 1.19 | 1.13, 1.26 | 9.7 | ||
| Gain of >1 | 1.61 | 1.51, 1.73 | 14.3 | ||
| 50–69 years | 10,843 | <0.0005 | |||
| Loss of >0.2 | 1.40 | 1.33, 1.49 | 13.1 | ||
| Stable (±0.2) | 1.0 | Referent | 7.7 | ||
| Gain of >0.2–0.6 | 0.91 | 0.86, 0.95 | 7.2 | ||
| Gain of >0.6–1 | 1.05 | 0.98, 1.12 | 9.0 | ||
| Gain of >1 | 1.17 | 1.09, 1.25 | 11.5 | ||
| 50–69 years (by health status) | |||||
| Very good to excellent | 4,525 | 0.003 | |||
| Loss of >0.2 | 1.37 | 1.25, 1.50 | 8.4 | ||
| Stable (±0.2) | 1.0 | Referent | 5.5 | ||
| Gain of >0.2–0.6 | 0.94 | 0.87, 1.01 | 5.2 | ||
| Gain of >0.6–1 | 1.21 | 1.09, 1.33 | 7.0 | ||
| Gain of >1 | 1.14 | 1.01, 1.30 | 6.5 | ||
| Good | 4,019 | 0.16 | |||
| Loss of >0.2 | 1.30 | 1.18, 1.42 | 14.8 | ||
| Stable (±0.2) | 1.0 | Referent | 9.8 | ||
| Gain of >0.2–0.6 | 0.85 | 0.79, 0.93 | 8.5 | ||
| Gain of >0.6–1 | 0.91 | 0.81, 1.01 | 9.4 | ||
| Gain of >1 | 1.08 | 0.97, 1.21 | 12.7 | ||
| Poor to fair | 2,157 | 0.45 | |||
| Loss of >0.2 | 1.35 | 1.19, 1.52 | 30.0 | ||
| Stable (±0.2) | 1.0 | Referent | 20.5 | ||
| Gain of >0.2–0.6 | 0.91 | 0.81, 1.03 | 18.4 | ||
| Gain of >0.6–1 | 0.88 | 0.76, 1.03 | 18.7 | ||
| Gain of >1 | 0.94 | 0.82, 1.08 | 23.8 |
a All regression analyses adjusted for age (in the baseline hazard of the Cox regression) and the following covariates: gender, race/ethnicity, education, leisure-time physical activity, body mass index at the beginning of the age interval (weight (kg)/height (m)2; categorical), and height (inches, in quintiles). (For additional definitions, see Table 3.)
b Statistical significance of the linear trend in weight-gain categories, evaluated using weight-gain category medians.
c Total number of deaths per 1,000 person-years; adjusted for age and gender using the Mantel-Haenszel method.