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. 2013 Dec 23;16(1):18973. doi: 10.7448/IAS.16.1.18973

Table 3.

Means and differences for HIV stigma scores

Sample means (SD)

Control Intervention


Wave N M SD N M SD t df p
1 234 2.88 (0.48) 269 2.79 (0.51) −1.82 501.5 0.25
2 219 2.83 (0.51) 241 2.61 (0.58) −4.83 494 <0.0001
3 197 2.80 (0.54) 225 2.64 (0.55) −3.22 487 0.0055
4 179 2.77 (0.57) 206 2.59 (0.59) −3.74 473 0.0002

Notes: M=Mean; SD=Standard Deviation. t, df and p-values are estimated from SAS PROC MIXED with the Kenward-Roger degrees-of-freedom method, which features non-integer DF values. p-Values for paired comparisons of group means were adjusted for multiple comparisons using Sidak's method.