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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neuropharmacology. 2013 Oct 21;77:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.10.005. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.10.005

Figure 1. Kappa receptor ligands decrease GABAA-mediated synaptic transmission.

Figure 1

A. Representative recordings showing IPSPs elicited before (Control) and during superfusion of 1 μM dynorphin (Dyn) in a CeA neuron. Dynorphin diminished the evoked IPSP with recovery to control level after washout. Recordings were performed at RMP, −82 mV for this neuron. Stimulus artifact indicated by arrows; traces identified with numbers are magnified and superimposed on the right for comparison. B. Graph average of dynorphin effect on IPSP amplitudes over time. Dynorphin (1 μM; application indicated with bar) was added at t = 0 and the maximum effect was obtained after 9 min of superfusion. C. In the presence of the KOR antagonist norBNI (0.2 μM), dynorphin did not affect IPSP amplitude. RMP was −79 mV. D. Superfusion of U69 at concentrations of 0.5 μM (open circles) or 1 μM (closed squares) decreased IPSPs to the same extent as dynorphin and with a similar time course.