. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jul 1.

Published in final edited form as: Obesity (Silver Spring). 2013 Sep 10;22(1):119–130. doi: 10.1002/oby.20587

Table 3.

Energy and macronutrient intake, body weight, and physical activity over the four days following overeating a high fat/low energy dense diet, a high carbohydrate/low energy dense diet, and a high fat/high energy dense diet

	High fat/low energy dense diet				High carbohydrate/low energy dense diet				High fat/high energy dense diet

	Day 1	Day 2	Day 3	Day 4	Day 1	Day 2	Day 3	Day 4	Day 1	Day 2	Day 3	Day 4
BW (kg)	91.17± 2.53*^a	90.64 ± 2.53*^b	90.46 ± 2.53*^c	90.28 ± 2.53*^d	91.68 ± 2.53*^a	91.06 ± 2.53*^b	90.75 ± 2.53*^c	90.39 ± 2.53*^d	90.82 ± 2.53*^a	90.54 ± 2.53*^b	90.37 ± 2.53*^bc	90.13 ± 2.53*^d
Δ BW (kg)	1.33 ± 0.23*^a	0.80 ± 0.23*^b	0.62±0.23*^c	0.44 ± 0.23^d	1.84 ± 0.23*^a	1.22 ± 0.23*^b	0.91 ± 0.23*^c	0.55 ± 0.23*^d	0.98 ± 0.23*^a	0.70 ± 0.23*^b	0.52 ± 0.23*^bc	0.29 ± 0.23^d
Food Intake
Energy (kcal)	1825 ± 115*^a	1577 ± 115*^b	1600 ± 115*^b	1629 ± 115*^b	1908 ± 115*^a	1601 ± 115*^b	1692 ± 115*^b	1689 ± 115*^b	1865 ± 115*^a	1631 ± 115*^b	1693 ± 115*^b	1684 ± 115*^b
Δ Energy (kcal)	28 ± 87^a	−220 ± 86*^b	−197 ± 86*^b	−168 ± 86^b	111 ± 86^a	−196 ± 86*^b	−105 ± 86^b	−108 ± 86^b	67 ± 86^a	−166 ± 86^b	−104 ± 86^b	−113 ± 86^b
Δ Energy (%)	2.87 ± 5.51^a	−10.40 ± 5.45^b	−9.19 ± 5.45^b	−6.68 ± 5.45^b	7.98 ± 5.45^a	−8.71 ± 5.45^b	−2.77 ± 5.45^b	−4.22 ±5.45^b	4.74 ± 5.45^a	−6.33 ± 5.45^b	−3.12 ± 5.45^b	−6.15 ± 5.45^b
Δ Carbohydrate (%)	2.22 ± 6.48^a	−11.82 ± 6.40^b	−13.35 ± 6.40*^b	−14.41 ± 6.40*^b	7.39 ± 6.40^a	−9.21 ± 6.40^b	−4.79 ± 6.40^b	−9.53 ± 6.40^b	4.88 ± 6.40^a	−6.77 ± 4.60^b	−8.20 ± 6.40^b	−11.50 ± 6.40^b
Δ Fat (%)	8.16 ± 6.02^a	−9.57 ± 5.97^b	−3.19 ± 5.97^b	8.63 ± 5.97^a	12.89 ± 5.97*^a	−8.97 ± 5.97^b	2.69 ± 5.97^c	7.74 ± 5.97^ac	7.80 ± 5.97^a	−6.59 ± 5.97^b	5.50 ± 5.97^a	5.80 ± 5.97^a
Δ Protein (%)	−9.22 ± 5.10^a	−2.12±5.00^a	−1.45±5.00^a	−11.50± 5.00*^a	−3.41 ± 4.99^a	−1.59 ± 4.99^a	2.20 ± 4.99^a	−9.90 ± 4.99^a	−5.31 ± 4.99^ab	1.32 ± 4.99^a	2.85 ± 4.99^a	−11.71 ± 4.99*^b
Physical Activity Assessment
Δ Energy Expenditure (kcal/d)	−58 ± 40^a	−31±41^ab	18 ± 40^b		−33 ± 37^a	−86 ± 37*^a	−69 ± 38^a		−77 ± 40^a	−50 ± 40^a	−65 ± 41^a
Δ Measured Active Energy Expenditure (kcal/d)	−9 ± 16^a	−12 ± 17^a	12 ± 16^a		−12 ± 15^a	−21 ± 15^a	−17 ± 15^a		−23 ± 16^a	−1 ± 16^a	−19 ± 16^a
Δ Physical Activity Duration (min/d)	−2.3 ± 2.9^a	−1.8±3.1^a	1.8±2.9^a		−2.3 ± 2.7^a	−4.3 ± 2.7^a	−3.3 ± 2.8^a		−4.5 ± 3.0^a	−0.2 ± 2.9^a	−3.2 ± 3.1^a
Δ Daily Steps (steps/d)	−456 ± 191*^a	−267 ± 200^a	−93 ± 191^a		−226 ± 182^a	−561 ± 182*^a	−364 ± 190^a		−373 ± 195^a	−398 ± 191*^a	−266 ± 200^a
Δ Time Lying Down (min/d)	72.9 ± 32.5*^a	−5.0±34.2^b	−14.4 ± 32.5^b		43.3 ± 30.4^a	68.4 ± 30.4*^a	18.9 ± 32.0^a		83.4 ± 33.2*^ab	104.2 ± 32.4*^a	29.9 ± 34.2^b
Δ Measured Sleep (min/d)	62.3 ± 20.0*^a	−27.5 ± 21.2^b	−35.1 ± 20.0^b		27.5 ± 18.7^a	14.4 ± 18.7^ab	−26.4 ± 19.8^b		50.4 ± 20.5*^a	45.0 ± 20.0*^a	35.1 ± 21.2^a
Δ Ave. METs	−0.03 ± 0.02^a	−0.02 ± 0.02^ab	0.01±0.02^b		−0.01 ± 0.02^a	−0.04 ± 0.02*^a	−0.03 ± 0.02^a		−0.04 ± 0.02^a	−0.02 ± 0.02^a	−0.03 ± 0.02^a