Table 2.
Recovery of OTA after classic extraction (acidic condition/liquid-liquid [4]) or IAC (alkaline extraction/IAC purification [35,36]).
| Mycotoxin in aqueous solution | Mycotoxin in wheat | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IAC/bicarbonate [35] | IAC/PBS [36] | Classic [4] | IAC/bicarbonate [35] | IAC/PBS [36] | Classic | |
| OTA alone | ||||||
| 100 µg/kg c | NA | NA | NA | 25.80 ± 2.50 (25.8%) | 60.10 ± 3.50 (60.1%) | 83.50 ± 4.20 (83.5%) |
| 40 µg/kg | 17.60 ± 1.40 a (44%) b | 30.40 ± 1.40 a (66%) b | 41.00 ± 1.20 (102%) | 11.80 ± 1.87 (29.5%) | 24.40 ± 0.87 (61%) | 28.80 ± 0.90 (72%) |
| 7 µg/kg | 2.03 ± 0.17 (29%) | 4.2 ± 0.27 (60%) | 6.3 ± 0.18 (90%) | 2.24 ± 0.35 (32%) | 3.85 ± 0.35 (55%) | 5.20 ± 0.16 (74%) |
| 3 µg/kg | <LOD (0%) | 1.85 + 0.17 (61.6%) | 2.79 ± 0.08 (93%) | <LOD (0%) | 1.80 + 0.41 (60%) | 2.30 ± 0.07 (76.6%) |
| CIT alone | ||||||
| 5 µg/kg | peak eluting at the OTA retention time | peak eluting at the OTA retention time | 4 ± 0.2 (80%) | peak eluting at the OTA retention time | peak eluting at the OTA retention time | 3.90 ± 0.12 (78%) |
| 40 µg/kg | peak eluting at the OTA retention time | peak eluting at the OTA retention time | 32 ± 1.6 (80%) | peak eluting at the OTA retention time | peak eluting at the OTA retention time | 30.00 ± 1.50 (75%) |
| OTA 40 µg/kg | 20.80 ± 3.11 (52%) | 62.80 ± 3.11 (157%) | 36.00 ± 1.10 (90%) | 42.40 ± 0.90 (106%) | 28.60 ± 1.43 (71.5%) | |
| CIT 40 µg/kg | - | - | 31.20 ± 1.92 (78%) | - | 32.00 ± 1.60 (80%) | |
| OTA 5 µg/kg | 9.10 ± 0.70 (182%) | 7.30 ± 0.70 (146%) | 4.50 ± 0.22 (90%) | 5.75 ± 0.50 (115%) | 3.75 ± 0.11 (75%) | |
| CIT 50 µg/kg | - | - | 39.50 ± 3.16 (79%) | - | 37.50 + 3.00 (75%) | |
a Amount of mycotoxin expressed in µg/kg. b Recovery expressed in percent. c Recovery for 100 µg/kg in aqueous solution was not tested.