Table 1.
Characteristics of Included Studies Assessing the Association Between Central Adiposity and EE
| Ascertainment of adiposity |
Controls |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study | Design | Location | Study setting | Time period | Measure | Categories, highest vs lowest (referent) | EE cases | Definition | N |
| Gunji29 | Cross-sectional | Tokyo, Japan | Voluntary health check-up, hospital-based | 2007–2010 | CT; WC (cm); BMI (kg/m2) | Continuous WC: >85.8 vs <85.8 BMI: >23.8 vs <23.8 |
1831 | Healthy; non-GERD | 8009 |
| Ha30 | Cross-sectional | Seoul, South Korea | Voluntary health check-up, hospital-based | 2004–2006 | WHR; BMI | Binary WHR: >0.9 vs <0.9 BMI: >25 vs <25 |
292 | Patients; GERD | 500 |
| Hsu31 | Cross-sectional | Hualein, Taiwan | Voluntary health check-up, hospital-based | 2007 | WC; BMI | Binary WC: >90 (for men), >80 (for women) vs <90 or <80 BMI: >23.6 vs <23.6 |
131 | Healthy; non-GERD | 612 |
| Kang41 | Cross-sectional | Seoul, South Korea | Voluntary health check-up, hospital-based | 2004–2005 | WC; BMI | Binary WC: ≥90 (for men), ≥80 (for women) vs <90 or <80 BMI: >30 vs <25 |
161 | Healthy; non-GERD | 2281 |
| Kato42 | Cross-sectional | Osaka, Japan | Voluntary health check-up, hospital-based | 2007–2008 | WC; BMI | Continuous WC: >82.9 vs <82.9 BMI: >22.7 vs <22.7 |
235 | Healthy; non-GERD | 2170 |
| Lee43 | Cross-sectional | Daegu, South Korea | Hospital-based | 2008–2010 | WC; BMI | Continuous WC: >84.0 vs <84.0 BMI: >23.6 vs <23.6 |
278 | Patients; non-GERD | 172 |
| Nam37 | Cross-sectional | Goyang, South Korea | Voluntary health check-up, hospital-based | 2001–2006 | WC; BMI | Quartiles WC: ≥ 100.0 vs <80.0 BMI: >30.0 vs <20.0 |
552 | Healthy; non-GERD | 8019 |
| Nam12 | Cross-sectional | Goyang, South Korea | Voluntary health check-up, hospital-based | 2008 | WC, WHR, BMI, CT fat volume | Quartiles WHR: ≥1.0 vs <0.8 WC: ≥ 100.0 vs <80.0 BMI: ≥30.0 vs <20.0 |
495 | Healthy; non-GERD | 3779 |
| Chua27 | C-C | Taipei, Taiwan | Voluntary health check-up, hospital-based | 2004–2006 | WC; BMI | Binary WC: ≥90 (for men), >80 (for women) vs <90 or <80 BMI: ≥25.0 vs <25.0 |
427 | Healthy; non-GERD | 427 |
| Chung28 | C-C | Seoul, South Korea | Voluntary health check-up, hospital-based | 2004–2007 | T; WC; BMI | Quartiles (for CT); binary (for WC) WC: ≥90 (for men), >80 (for women) vs <90 or <80 BMI: ≥25.0 vs <23.0 |
3539 | Healthy; non-GERD | 3539 |
| Lee33,34 | C-C | Seoul, South Korea | Voluntary health check-up, hospital-based | 2003–2005 | CT; WHR; BMI | Tertiles WHR: >1.0 vs <0.8 BMI: >30.0 vs <20.0 |
292 | Healthy; non-GERD | 2896 |
| Mokrowiecka35 | C-C | Lodz, Poland | Hospital-based | 2009–2011 | WHR; WC; BMI | Continuous WHR: >0.65 vs <0.65 WC: >83 vs <83 BMI: >25 vs <25 |
30 | Patients; non-GERD | 30 |
| Mulholland36 | C-C | Belfast, Ireland | Population-based | 2002–2004 | WHR; BMI | Tertiles WHR: Tertiles, NR BMI: >29.0 vs <25.8 |
219 | Healthy; non-GERD | 260 |
| Park38 | C-C | Seoul, South Korea | Voluntary health check-up, hospital-based | 2006 | WC; BMI | Binary WC: ≥90 (for men), ≥80 (for women) vs <90 or <80 BMI: >24.0 vs <24.0 |
1679 | Healthy; non-GERD | 3358 |
| Wu40 | C-C | Shanghai, China | Voluntary health check-up, hospital-based | 2010 | WC; WHR; BMI | Binary WHR: >0.9 (for men), >0.8 (for women) vs ≤0.9 or ≤0.8 WC: ≥90 (for men), ≥80 (for women) vs <90 or <80 BMI: ≥28.0 vs <28.0 |
182 | Healthy; non-GERD | 190 |
| Koo32 | Cohort | Seoul, South Korea | Voluntary health check-up, hospital-based | 2003–2006 | WC; BMI | Tertiles WC: ≥90 vs <80 BMI: ≥25.0 vs <23.0 |
42 | Healthy; non-GERD | 987 |
| Sogabe14 | Cohort | Kagawa, Japan | Hospital-based | 2008–2009 | WC; BMI | Binary WC: ≥90 vs <90 BMI: ≥25.0 vs <25.0 |
55 | Men with metabolic syndrome; non-GERD | 210 |
| Tai39 | Cohort | Kaohsiung, Taiwan | Hospital-based | 2007–2009 | WC; WHR; BMI | Continuous WHR: >0.93 vs <0.93 WC: >120 vs <120 BMI: >42 vs <42 |
84 | Bariatric clinic; non-GERD | 176 |
C-C, case-control