Table 5.
Subgroups | Categories | No. of studies | Adjusted OR | 95% CI |
P value between groups (Pinteraction) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Study-related variables | |||||
Study location | Asian | 1 | 1.45 | 0.82–2.55 | .31 |
Western | 14 | 2.01 | 1.49–2.72 | ||
Study design | Cross-sectional | 1 | 1.65 | 0.82–3.33 | .05a |
C-C | 12 | 2.22 | 1.61–3.06 | ||
Cohort | 2 | 1.27 | 0.93–1.73 | ||
Study setting | Hospital-based | 10 | 2.30 | 1.59–3.31 | .10 |
Population-based | 5 | 1.54 | 1.12–2.11 | ||
Method of ascertainment | Measured | 14 | 2.08 | 1.58–2.74 | .02a |
Self-reported | 1 | 1.20 | 0.83–1.74 | ||
Central adiposity–related variables | |||||
Adjusted for BMI | Yes | 5 | 1.88 | 1.20–2.95 | .79 |
No | 10 | 2.03 | 1.45–2.84 | ||
Reporting adiposityb | Categorical | 9 | 1.56 | 1.25–1.96 | .06 |
Continuous | 6 | 2.77 | 1.61–4.75 | ||
Different measures of central adiposity | Visceral adipose tissue area | 4 | 1.78 | 1.19–2.67 | .43 |
WHR/WTR | 11 | 2.04 | 1.49–2.81 | ||
WC | 11 | 1.58 | 1.25–1.99 | ||
Length of BE | |||||
Long-segment | 5 | 1.96 | 1.39–2.75 | .14 | |
Short-segment | 5 | 1.34 | 0.93–1.94 | ||
Dose-response relationship | |||||
Central adiposity (reported as tertiles/quartiles) | Q2 (vs Q1) | 8 | 1.65 | 1.11–2.44 | .53 |
Q3/Q4 (vs Q1) | 8 | 1.92 | 1.47–2.50 |
C-C, case-control; Q, quartile; WTR, waist-thigh ratio.
Statistical significance.
Comparison of studies that reported data as categories with studies that reported means and standard deviations of adiposity in cases with BE and controls without BE (unadjusted) and transformed into a binary OR by using a statistical equation.