Table 4.
Ratings of characteristics of the test meal (n=46)1
Preload | Salad | Salad | None | Salad | Salad | None | P values | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||
Test meal energy density | 1.25 kcal/g | 1.25 kcal/g | 1.25 kcal/g | 1.66 kcal/g | 1.66 kcal/g | 1.66 kcal/g | Effect of energy density of the test meal2 | Effect of portion size of the test meal3 | Effect of presence of the preload4 |
| |||||||||
Test meal portion size | 450 g | 600 g | 600 g | 450 g | 600 g | 600 g | |||
Taste | 55 ± 4 | 58 ± 3 | 71 ± 3 | 66 ± 3 | 64 ± 3 | 73 ± 3 | <0.01 | NS | <0.001 |
Texture | 51 ± 4 | 52 ± 3a | 66 ± 3b | 61 ± 3 | 63 ± 3b | 66 ± 3b | <0.01 | NS | Interaction5 <0.01 |
Filling | 88 ± 2 | 91 ± 2 | 88 ± 2 | 91 ± 2 | 92 ± 1 | 88 ± 2 | NS | NS | <0.02 |
Size | 73 ± 2 | 81 ± 2 | 78 ± 2 | 72 ± 3 | 80 ± 2 | 81 ± 2 | NS | <0.001 | NS |
Calories | 69 ± 2 | 70 ± 3 | 69 ± 3 | 70 ± 2 | 74 ± 2 | 71 ± 2 | NS | NS | NS |
All values are means ± SEMs. Ratings were assessed prior to consumption of the pasta test meal.
Significance of the independent effects of the pasta test meal energy density in the four meals that included the salad preload as assessed by a mixed linear model with repeated measures. NS = not significant (p>0.05).
Significance of the independent effects of the pasta test portion size in the four meals that included the salad preload as assessed by a mixed linear model with repeated measures. NS = not significant (p>0.05).
Significance of the independent effects of the presence of the salad preload in the conditions that included the same pasta test meal (600 g of either the 1.25 kcal/g version or the 1.66 kcal/g version), as assessed by a mixed linear model with repeated measures. NS = not significant (p>0.05).
Significance of the interaction of the effects of the presence of a salad preload and the energy density of the pasta test meal in the conditions that included the same test meal (600 g of either the 1.25 kcal/g version or the 1.66 kcal/g version), as assessed by a mixed linear model with repeated measures. Means in the same row with different superscript letters are significantly different.