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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Obesity (Silver Spring). 2013 Sep 23;22(2):318–324. doi: 10.1002/oby.20589

Table 4.

Ratings of characteristics of the test meal (n=46)1

Preload Salad Salad None Salad Salad None P values

Test meal energy density 1.25 kcal/g 1.25 kcal/g 1.25 kcal/g 1.66 kcal/g 1.66 kcal/g 1.66 kcal/g Effect of energy density of the test meal2 Effect of portion size of the test meal3 Effect of presence of the preload4

Test meal portion size 450 g 600 g 600 g 450 g 600 g 600 g
Taste 55 ± 4 58 ± 3 71 ± 3 66 ± 3 64 ± 3 73 ± 3 <0.01 NS <0.001
Texture 51 ± 4 52 ± 3a 66 ± 3b 61 ± 3 63 ± 3b 66 ± 3b <0.01 NS Interaction5 <0.01
Filling 88 ± 2 91 ± 2 88 ± 2 91 ± 2 92 ± 1 88 ± 2 NS NS <0.02
Size 73 ± 2 81 ± 2 78 ± 2 72 ± 3 80 ± 2 81 ± 2 NS <0.001 NS
Calories 69 ± 2 70 ± 3 69 ± 3 70 ± 2 74 ± 2 71 ± 2 NS NS NS
1

All values are means ± SEMs. Ratings were assessed prior to consumption of the pasta test meal.

2

Significance of the independent effects of the pasta test meal energy density in the four meals that included the salad preload as assessed by a mixed linear model with repeated measures. NS = not significant (p>0.05).

3

Significance of the independent effects of the pasta test portion size in the four meals that included the salad preload as assessed by a mixed linear model with repeated measures. NS = not significant (p>0.05).

4

Significance of the independent effects of the presence of the salad preload in the conditions that included the same pasta test meal (600 g of either the 1.25 kcal/g version or the 1.66 kcal/g version), as assessed by a mixed linear model with repeated measures. NS = not significant (p>0.05).

5

Significance of the interaction of the effects of the presence of a salad preload and the energy density of the pasta test meal in the conditions that included the same test meal (600 g of either the 1.25 kcal/g version or the 1.66 kcal/g version), as assessed by a mixed linear model with repeated measures. Means in the same row with different superscript letters are significantly different.

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