Table 1. Epichloë and Neotyphodium species with sequenced genomes, and their inferred alkaloid pathway end-products.
Species | Isolatea | Host | Transmission | EAb | IDTb | LOLb | PERb |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Epichloë amarillans | E57 = ATCC 200744 | Agrostis hyemalis | Mixed | – | – | NANL | PER |
E. amarillans | E4668 | Agrostis hyemalis | Mixed | ERV | – | – | PER |
E. baconii | E1031, = ATCC 200745 | Calamagrostis villosa | Horizontal | – | – | – | PER |
E. brachyelytri | E4804 | Brachyelytrum erectum | Mixed | CC | – | AcAP | PER |
E. bromicola | E502 = ATCC 200750 | Bromus erectus | Horizontal | – | – | – | – |
E. elymi | E56 = ATCC 201551 | Elymus virginicus | Mixed | CC | – | – | PER |
E. festucae | E2368 | Festuca rubra and Lolium | Mixed | ERV | – | NFL | (−) |
giganteum (ascospore isolate) | |||||||
E. festucae | Fl1 | Festuca trachyphylla | Mixed | ERV | LTB | – | PER |
E. glyceriae | E277 | Glyceria striata | Horizontal | ERV | – | AcAP | (−) |
E. “mollis” | E3601 = AL9924 | Holcus mollis | Mixed | ERV | – | – | PER |
E. poae | E4646 | Poa nemoralis | Mixed | – | – | – | (−) |
E. poae | E5819 | Poa nemoralis | Mixed | ERV | – | – | (−) |
E. typhina | E8 = ATCC 200736 | Lolium perenne | Horizontal | – | – | – | PER |
Neotyphodium aotearoae | e899 = MYA-1229 | Echinopogon ovatus | Vertical | – | TD | NFL | – |
N. chisosum | e3609 = ATCC 64037 | Achnatherum eminens | Vertical | – | – | NFL | PER |
N. coenophialum | e19 = ATCC 90664 | Lolium arundinaceum | Vertical | ERV | – | NFL | PER |
N. coenophialum | e4163 | Lolium sp. (4×) | Vertical | ERV | TD | NFL | PER |
N. funkii | e4096 | Achnatherum robustum | Vertical | CC | TD | – | PER |
N. gansuense var. inebrians | e818 = MYA-1228 | Achnatherum inebrians | Vertical | LAH | – | – | – |
N. gansuense | e7080 | Achnatherum inebrians | Vertical | – | PAX | – | – |
N. uncinatum | e167 = CBS 102646 | Lolium pratense | Vertical | – | – | NFL | – |
Strains listed with ATCC and MYA prefixes are in the American Type Culture Collection. CBS = Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Abbreviations: AcAP = 1-acetamidopyrrolizidine, CC = chanoclavine, EN = ergonovine, ERV = ergovaline, LAA = lysergic acid amide, LAH = lysergic acid α-hydroxyethylamide, LTB = lolitrem B, NANL = N-acetylnorloline, NFL = N-formylloline, nt=not tested, PAX = paxilline, PER = per-amine, TD = terpendoles. – = none detected. (−) indicates perA-ΔR* locus (see text).