Table A2. GRADE Evidence Profile for the Association Between Homocysteine and the Onset of Dementia.
| No. of Studies (Design) | Risk of Bias | Inconsistency | Indirectness | Imprecision | Publication Bias | Upgrade Considerations | Quality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Homocysteine as a predictor of dementia | |||||||
| 11 longitudinal observational studies | Some limitationsa | No serious limitationsb | Serious limitations (-1)c | No serious limitations | Undetected | None | ⊕⊕ Low |
a
There were some limitations in studies used to answer this question. Limitations included incomplete follow-up, insufficient control for confounding, and inappropriate measure of outcomes—but overall studies were well reported.
b
When studies are stratified by years of follow-up, there is consistency in the outcomes—the longer the follow-up period, the more likely an association between homocysteine levels and the onset of dementia.
c
Homocysteine is an indirect measure of serum vitamin B12.