Table 3.

Results from two-stage least squares (2SLS) regression models predicting age-grade disparity, 10–16 year-olds, northern and southern Brazil, 2006

Region	A. Southern Region		B. Northern Region
	First Stage	Second Stage	First Stage	Second Stage
Instrument: Mother had teen miscarriage	4.28*** (0.286)		5.26*** (0.263)
Maternal age at first birth		−0.043* (−.081, −.003)		0.003 (−.029, .023)
N	979		1,322

Source: PNDS (DHS) Brazil 2006.

Note: Standard errors in parentheses for first stage models. Confidence intervals in parentheses for second stage models.

^***p<0.001,

^**p<0.01,

^*p<0.05,

^~ p<0.10.

Models include controls for sex, age, mother’s race, mother’s education, family structure, family income, urbanicity, and region.