. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Dec 1.

Published in final edited form as: Semin Pediatr Neurol. 2013 Oct 16;20(4):10.1016/j.spen.2013.10.003. doi: 10.1016/j.spen.2013.10.003

Table I. Markers used in astrocyte development studies.

This table summarizes markers used in the literature and the stages they are expressed. Of note, only NFIA/B and Sox9 are nuclear proteins, all other markers are cytoplasmic or membrane-bound and usually result in diffuse labeling. Some markers have only been tested in the spinal cord or cortex and their use in other tissue needs to be validated. WM: white matter.

Marker	Stages
NFIA/B	Gliogenic switch, precursor and some mature (Spinal cord)
Sox9	Gliogenic switch, precursor and some mature (Spinal cord)
Glast	Gliogenic switch, precursor and some mature (Spinal cord)
FGFR3	Precursor and some mature
FABP7/BLBP	Precursor and some mature
Aldh1l1	Precursor and mature
Id3	Precursor and possibly mature?
Reelin/Slit	WM astrocytes – subtypes of mature astrocytes (Spinal cord)
GFAP	Mature (fibrous or reactive)
S100b	Mature (protoplasmic)
Aquaporin 4	Mature – end feet
Aldolase C	Precursor/mature
CD44	Precursor and mature
Glutamine Synthase	Late precursor and mature
Acsbg1/Bubblegum	Mature (cortex)
Connexin 43	Mature/functional
Glt-1	Mature