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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Dec 30.
Published in final edited form as: Endocr Pract. 2012 Sep-Oct;18(5):10.4158/EP12139.RA. doi: 10.4158/EP12139.RA

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Therapeutic strategy for Type B insulin resistance caused by autoantibodies to the insulin receptor. Elimination of the autoantibody is the goal for this three-pronged approach. Rituximab, an antibody against CD-20, a cell surface molecule expressed by B-cell progenitors, targets antibody-producing B lymphocytes. Pulsed steroids target the pre-existing antibody-producing plasma cells. Non-specific B- and T-cell function suppression is achieved by a low dose immunosuppressive drug, either cyclophosphamide or cyclosporine.