Table 3.
Association of COPD with Mild Cognitive Impairment by duration of COPD
| Model 1a | Model 2b | Model 3c | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COPD duration ≤ 5years (n=118) | COPD duration > 5years (n=170) | COPD duration ≤ 5years (n=112) | COPD duration > 5years (n=167) | COPD duration ≤ 5years (n=106) | COPD duration > 5years (n=146) | ||||
| MCI Type | Cases/total N | OR (95% CI)a | OR (95% CI) | Cases/total N | OR (95% CI)b | OR (95% CI) | Cases/total N | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) |
|
Any MCI (n=317)
| |||||||||
| Men (n=186) | 186/989 | 1.63 (0.90, 2.84) | 2.45 (1.53, 3.88) | 172/943 | 1.52 (0.81, 2.73) | 2.38 (1.47, 3.81) | 166/916 | 1.55 (0.81, 2.84) | 2.54 (1.50, 4.25) |
| Women (n=131) | 131/938 | 1.97 (0.89, 4.01) | 1.75 (0.90, 3.21) | 129/909 | 1.87 (0.83, 3.86) | 1.65 (0.84, 3.06) | 121/871 | 1.75 (0.77, 3.71) | 1.43 (0.65, 2.90) |
| Both sexes | 317/1,927 | 1.73 (1.08, 2.69) | 2.17 (1.49, 3.12) | 301/1,852 | 1.65 (1.01, 2.61) | 2.09 (1.41, 3.03) | 287/1,787 | 1.60 (0.97, 2.57) | 2.10 (1.38,3.14) |
|
Amnestic MCI (n = 229) | |||||||||
| Men (n=143) | 143/989 | 1.20 (0.59, 2.27) | 2.13 (1.27, 3.50) | 131/943 | 1.21 (0.58, 2.35) | 2.12 (1.24, 3.51) | 127/916 | 1.21 (0.56, 2.41) | 2.59 (1.48, 4.45) |
| Women (n=86) | 86/938 | 2.07 (0.81, 4.61) | 1.89 (0.87, 3.76) | 84/909 | 1.94 (0.75, 4.42) | 1.78 (0.81, 3.58) | 78/871 | 1.97 (0.74, 4.63) | 1.99 (0.83, 4.31) |
| Both sexes | 229/1,927 | 1.43 (0.82, 2.37) | 2.04 (1.34, 3.05) | 215/1,852 | 1.44 (0.81, 2.42) | 2.00 (1.30, 3.02) | 205/1,787 | 1.43 (0.79,2.47) | 2.37 (1.50, 3.68) |
|
Non,amnestic MCI (n = 88) | |||||||||
| Men (n=43) | 43/989 | 2.64 (1.02, 6.07) | 2.37 (1.01, 5.07) | 41/943 | 2.20 (0.77, 5.40) | 2.25 (0.95, 4.88) | 39/916 | 2.34 (0.82, 5.83) | 1.74 (0.65, 4.14) |
| Women (n=45) | 45/938 | 1.49 (0.35, 4.36) | 1.29 (0.38, 3.36) | 45/909 | 1.44 (0.34, 4.24) | 1.24 (0.36, 3.23) | 43/871 | 1.19 (0.27, 3.58) | 0.60 (0.09, 2.10) |
| Both sexes | 88/1,927 | 2.14 (1.00, 4.15) | 1.88 (0.96, 3.41) | 86/1,852 | 1.85 (0.83, 3.70) | 1.75 (0.90, 3.20) | 82/1,787 | 1.66 (0.73, 2.36) | 1.19 (0.53, 2.38) |
OR = Odds Ratio; CI = confidence interval; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; MCI = mild cognitive impairment;
a
Model 1 adjusted for age as a continuous variable, sex where applicable, and education at the baseline. No,COPD is the reference group for all the analyses.
b
Model 2 additionally adjusted for BDI-II Depression, and history of stroke.
c
Model 3 includes model 2 variables, with additional adjustment for APOEe4 genotype, diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease, and BMI.