Table 2. Simple and general linear regression of heavy metal concentrations in male subjects with androgenic alopecia.
| Variables | Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysisa | Multivariate Analysisb | |||||
| Type I–III | Type IV–VII | Odds ratio | Adjusted odds ratio | Adjusted odds ratio | ||||
| Unit: µg/L | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | (95% CI) | P value | (95% CI) | P value | (95% CI) | P value |
| Blood | ||||||||
| V | 117.49 (1.70) | 93.33 (1.62) | 0.16 (0.05–0.56) | 3.87E-3 | 0.02 (0.00–0.16) | 1.36E-4* | 0.001 (0.00–0.71) | 0.04 |
| Mn | 21.38 (2.29) | 16.22 (2.63) | 0.41 (0.19–0.87) | 0.02 | 0.19 (0.07–0.55) | 1.97E-3 | 9.33 (0.62–139.62) | 0.11 |
| Co | 0.83 (1.78) | 0.66 (2.00) | 0.20 (0.07–0.61) | 4.64E-3 | 0.05 (0.01–0.25) | 2.58E-4* | 0.02 (0.00–1.78) | 0.09 |
| Cu | 794.33 (1.95) | 549.54 (2.19) | 0.22 (0.10–0.52) | 4.60E-4* | 0.08 (0.02–0.28) | 9.41E-5* | 0.01 (0.00–2.15) | 0.10 |
| Zn | 4265.80 (1.95) | 3019.95 (1.95) | 0.18 (0.07–0.45) | 2.98E-4* | 0.08 (0.02–0.29) | 1.86E-4* | 0.75 (0.01–77.96) | 0.90 |
| As | 46.77 (1.74) | 36.31 (1.66) | 0.14 (0.04–0.48) | 1.87E-3 | 0.02 (0.00–0.16) | 1.45E-4* | 90.65 (0.10–86871.09) | 0.20 |
| Cd | 9.55 (2.34) | 0.14 (2.09) | 0.27 (0.18–0.57) | 6.25E-4* | 0.18 (0.06–0.53) | 1.71E-3 | 0.83 (0.17–4.12) | 0.82 |
| Pb | 38.90 (2.19) | 29.51 (2.24) | 0.35 (0.16–0.77) | 0.01 | 0.19 (0.06–0.57) | 3.31E-3 | 0.66 (0.08–5.30) | 0.70 |
| Ni | 12.02 (2.09) | 9.33 (2.57) | 0.42 (0.20–0.88) | 0.02 | 0.26 (0.09–0.76) | 0.01 | 5.15 (0.39–67.99) | 0.21 |
| Cr | 416.87 (2.00) | 309.03 (2.19) | 0.30 (0.13–0.67) | 3.32E-3 | 0.14 (0.04–0.45) | 1.08E-3* | 41.55 (0.45–3832.25) | 0.11 |
| Urine | ||||||||
| V | 45.71 (1.74) | 44.67 (1.62) | 0.77 (0.24–2.52) | 0.67 | 1.24 (0.26–5.98) | 0.79 | 3.68 (0.11–121.99) | 0.47 |
| Mn | 1.07 (4.37) | 0.85 (5.89) | 0.81 (0.54–1.21) | 0.31 | 0.80 (0.47–1.35) | 0.40 | 0.66 (0.37–1.18) | 0.16 |
| Co | 0.76 (2.00) | 0.76 (2.34) | 1.08 (0.44–2.64) | 0.87 | 1.60 (0.44–5.83) | 0.48 | 3.38 (0.17–67.20) | 0.43 |
| Cu | 47.86 (2.34) | 47.86 (2.63) | 0.96 (0.47–1.98) | 0.92 | 1.48 (0.53–4.10) | 0.46 | 1.65 (0.39–6.96) | 0.50 |
| Zn | 562.34 (1.95) | 616.60 (1.86) | 1.51 (0.56–4.06) | 0.42 | 1.80 (0.47–6.86) | 0.39 | 2.4 (0.37–15.62) | 0.36 |
| As | 120.23 (2.51) | 117.49 (3.39) | 0.97 (0.50–1.87) | 0.92 | 1.02 (0.44–2.35) | 0.96 | 0.91 (0.27–3.03) | 0.88 |
| Cd | 0.74 (3.09) | 0.81 (2.40) | 1.19 (0.65–2.19) | 0.57 | 0.94 (0.39–2.25) | 0.89 | 0.46 (0.15–1.44) | 0.18 |
| Pb | 0.83 (6.46) | 1.35 (6.31) | 1.42 (0.97–2.07) | 0.68 | 1.44 (0.86–2.41) | 0.17 | 1.41 (0.81–2.47) | 0.23 |
| Ni | 12.02 (2.57) | 12.59 (2.75) | 1.10 (0.56–2.19) | 0.78 | 1.25 (0.44–3.52) | 0.67 | 0.64 (0.07–5.53) | 0.68 |
| Cr | 141.25 (1.74) | 131.83 (1.70) | 0.62 (0.20–1.92) | 0.41 | 1.11 (0.25–4.81) | 0.89 | 0.25 (0.01–8.28) | 0.44 |
Statistical significance with Bonferroni Correction (P<1.14E-3).
a Adjusted for age and family history of AGA.
b Adjusted for age, family history of AGA and the concentrations of other heavy metals.