Table 1. Distribution of patients’ characteristics.

Characteristics	n of patients (%)
Gender
Females	31 (77)
Males	9 (22)
Age
≤ 30 years	17 (42)
> 30 years	23 (57)
Adequacy of previous filling
Adequate	26 (65)
Inadequate	14 (35)
Symptoms
Symptomatic	17 (42)
Asymptomatic	23 (57)
total	40 (100)

All patients’ teeth were previously root filled, showed radiographic signs for apical periodontitis and retreatment of the root canal was indicated.