M. truncatula ELP1 is required for the altered petiole identity in mature mtphan mutant plants. A, RT-PCR analysis of ELP1 gene expression in rachises, petioles, and pulvini of 70-d-old wild-type (w.t.), mtphan, and 35S::ELP1 plants. MtACTIN was used as a loading control. PCR cycles were 32 and 28 for ELP1 and MtACTIN, respectively. B, Measurements of the petiole length of compound leaves on the apical third node of 70-d-old wild-type, mtphan, elp1, and mtphan elp1 double mutant plants. Values shown are means ± sd; n = 12, and statistical significance was calculated by Tukey’s honestly significant difference test (P < 0.05). C to F, Images of compound leaves on the apical third node of 70-d-old wild-type (C), mtphan (D), elp1 (E), and mtphan elp1 (F) plants. Closeup views are shown at the bottom. G and H, SEM images of petioles of leaves on the third node of mature mtphan (G) and mtphan elp1 mutant (H) plants. Bars = 1 cm (C–F) and 100 µm (G and H). [See online article for color version of this figure.]