Figure 7.

Differential evolution of gene expression phenotypes in cis versus in trans. In both sexes, the effects of introgressed cis-regulatory divergence are predictive of whole-genome divergence (males: slope = 1.07, ρ = 0.75; females: slope = 0.86, ρ = 0.85, P < 0.0001 in both sexes). In contrast, the effects of introgressed trans-regulatory factors in males are poorer predictors of whole-genome divergence (slope = 0.77, ρ = 0.40, P < 0.0001), implicating modifier alleles elsewhere in the genome. In females, the effects of introgressed trans-regulatory factors are, on average, reversed by alleles elsewhere in the genome in females (slope = −0.79, ρ = −0.27, P < 0.0001). The blue line has a slope of 1.