Table 2.

Studies assessing the effect of eating disorders features on sport performance.

Eating disorder feature	Studies (n)	First Author and Year	Results
Underweight	5	Boileau et al. [34] Cureton et al. [35] Clark et al. [36] Sherman et al. [37] Bonogofski et al. [38]	Conflicting and inconclusive results. Early studies reported that leaner individuals perform better, but this finding has not been confirmed in subsequent studies
Excessive and compulsive exercising	2	Ragalin et al. [39] Armstrong et al. [40]	Overtraining is frequent in athletes and may negatively influence sport performance
Short term dietary restriction	3	Ingjer et al. [41] Johnson et al. [42] Fogelholm et al. [43]	Transitory improvement of sport performance due to early starvation effects, with increased cortisol, adrenaline, noradrenaline, and VO2
Long term dietary restriction	1	Beals et al. [44]	Deterioration of sport performance due to glycogen depletion, increase in circulatory lactate, dehydration and loss of lean mass
Binge eating	1	Rankin et al. [45]	Inconclusive results, but binge eating seems to negatively influence sport performance if associated with excessive weight gain
Purging	3	Eichner et al. [46] Otis et al. [47] Thompson et al. [48]	Negative effect on sport performance through negative caloric balance, dehydration and hypokalaemia