Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2013 Dec 18;14(12):24603–24618. doi: 10.3390/ijms141224603

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

Figure 5. — In vivo antitumor effects of metformin on bladder cancer xenograft model. Xenografts were generated by implantation of 2 × 10⁶ cells of 5637 cells subcutaneously into the right flanks of nude mice. When the tumors reached a mean diameter of 6 mm, the animals were randomized into control and treated groups (five mice per group). Metformin (Met, 100 mg/kg) was injected once daily intraperitoneally for three weeks, control mice received purified water only. (A) Graphs represent the average tumor volumes of 5637 xenografts in mice from the control and metformin-treated groups; (B) Weight of the excised tumors from the two groups; (C) Representative microphotograph of PCNA, cyclin D1 and p-mTOR staining on tumor sections from the control and metformin-treated groups. The scale bars equal 50 μm; and (D) Quantitative data for percentage of PCNA, cyclin D1 and p-mTOR positive cells in tumors from the two groups. Data, means of five mice in each group; bars, SEs. *p < 0.05 versus control; **p < 0.01 versus control.

Figure 5. — In vivo antitumor effects of metformin on bladder cancer xenograft model. Xenografts were generated by implantation of 2 × 10⁶ cells of 5637 cells subcutaneously into the right flanks of nude mice. When the tumors reached a mean diameter of 6 mm, the animals were randomized into control and treated groups (five mice per group). Metformin (Met, 100 mg/kg) was injected once daily intraperitoneally for three weeks, control mice received purified water only. (A) Graphs represent the average tumor volumes of 5637 xenografts in mice from the control and metformin-treated groups; (B) Weight of the excised tumors from the two groups; (C) Representative microphotograph of PCNA, cyclin D1 and p-mTOR staining on tumor sections from the control and metformin-treated groups. The scale bars equal 50 μm; and (D) Quantitative data for percentage of PCNA, cyclin D1 and p-mTOR positive cells in tumors from the two groups. Data, means of five mice in each group; bars, SEs. *p < 0.05 versus control; **p < 0.01 versus control.