Table 2.
Control strategy | PZMPC | Invariant-zone-MPC | Nighttime-basal |
Insulin delivered (U) | 9.81 ± 2.91 | 10.58 ± 2.92 | 10.70 ± 2.73 |
33.62 ± 7.51 | 34.27 ± 7.55 | 34.43 ± 7.36 | |
Insulin above basal (U) | -0.82 ± 0.94 | -0.05 ± 0.80 | 0.07 ± 0.30 |
5.27 ± 2.62 | 5.92 ± 2.67 | 6.09 ± 2.61 | |
Mean blood glucose (mg/dl) | 122 ± 13 | 110 ± 17 | 105 ± 25 |
138 ± 14 | 133 ± 17 | 131 ± 20 | |
Breakfast (7:00 am) blood glucose (mg/dl) | 131 ± 12 | 115 ± 14 | 110 ± 19 |
Blood glucose time in range 80-140 mg/dl (%) | 76 ± 28 | 84 ± 20 | 74 ± 32 |
55 ± 19 | 59 ± 18 | 55 ± 20 | |
Blood glucose time in range 70-180 mg/dl (%) | 95 ± 13 | 95 ± 11 | 89 ± 25 |
85 ± 13 | 85 ± 12 | 83 ± 16 |
The top row (shaded) of double-row entries corresponds to nighttime (10:00 pm–7:00 am) and the bottom row to the whole day (6:00 pm–6:00 pm). Note that the nighttime basal strategy delivers basal from 10:00 pm to 5:00 am, therefore the nighttime “insulin above basal” from 10:00 pm-7:00 am is not exactly 0 ± 0.