Health care system characteristics |
Mortality |
Dartmouth Atlas |
Mortality rate per 1,000 Medicare enrollees; age-sex-race adjusted |
5.02 (1.36) |
4.78 (.57) |
Quality score – chronic disease management |
Dartmouth Atlas |
Factor score of chronic disease management quality measures |
−0.09 (.88) |
0.21 (.64) |
Quality score – diagnostic tests |
Dartmouth Atlas |
Factor score of diagnostic test quality measures |
−0.13 (1.00) |
0.34 (.63) |
Total Medicare reimbursement per enrollee |
Dartmouth Atlas |
Dollars, thousands (unadjusted) |
8.91 (1.72) |
9.33 (1.87) |
Acute care hospital bed supply |
Dartmouth Atlas |
Per 100,000 residents |
3.32 (1.42) |
2.36 (.73) |
Presence of a hospital associated with a system or network |
American Hospital Association survey, 2010 |
Dichotomous (1/0) |
0.32 (0.47) |
0.46 (0.50) |
Physician supply |
Dartmouth Atlas |
Per 100,000 residents |
198.6 (45.99) |
209.1 (56.13) |
Concentration of primary care providers |
100% Medicare claims |
Herfindahl-Hirschman Index, thousands |
1.90 (3.04) |
0.89 (2.05) |
Number of primary care medical groups |
100% Medicare claims |
Number of tax ID numbers for primary care providers per 1,000 residents |
0.31 (.21) |
0.25 (.16) |
Managed care penetration |
100% Medicare claims |
Proportion of Medicare beneficiaries with Medicare Advantage coverage |
0.18 (.14) |
0.27 (.15) |
Socioeconomic and demographic characteristics |
Total population |
American Community Survey |
Population, thousands |
57.3 (105.45) |
183.0 (319.52) |
Percent in poverty |
American Community Survey |
Proportion |
0.05 (.03) |
0.04 (.03) |
Percent urban |
American Community Survey |
Proportion |
0.48 (.29) |
0.73 (.27) |
South |
American Community Survey |
Dichotomous (1/0) |
0.43 (.50) |
0.22 (.42) |
Midwest |
American Community Survey |
Dichotomous (1/0) |
0.32 (.47) |
0.29 (.45) |
West |
American Community Survey |
Dichotomous (1/0) |
0.15 (.35) |
0.23 (.42) |