Table 1.
Aerobic exercise and insulin resistance (nonrandomized controlled trials).
| References | Gender | Age | Treatment | BW (kg) |
BMI (kg/m2) |
IS | Study Duration |
Protocol | ΔBW (kg) |
ΔBMI (kg/m2) |
ΔIS (%) |
IS Measure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nassis et al. [40] | 19 girls | 9–15 | Exercise | 67.9 | 26.8 | 4.34 | 12 wk | 3 days/wk, 40 min/day running, steps, stair climbing, and so forth HR > 150 bpm |
0.4 | −0.1 | 1.1 | HOMA-IR |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Caranti et al. [48] | 37 boys 46 girls |
15–19 | Exercise | 102.8 92.5 |
36.2 35.7 |
4.8 3.6 |
1 yr | Exercise combined with nutrition, psychological, clinical therapy 3 days/wk, 60 min/day (walking, cycling, etc.) |
−10.5* −4.9* |
−4.1* −2.1* |
−33.3* −13.6 |
HOMA-IR |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Monzavi et al. [49] | 60 boys 49 girls |
8–16 | Exercise | 78.2 | 33.7 | 5.52 | 12 wk | Lifestyle intervention program 90 min/session (weekly) 45 min of exercise (dodge ball, jump rope, etc.) + 45 min of nutrition education |
0.1 | −0.5* | −32.6 | HOMA-IR |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Kelishadi et al. [50] | 19 boys 16 girls |
12–18 | Exercise | 57.1 | 25.3 | 5.4 | 6 wk | 3 days/wk, 60 min/day (30 min fitness + 30 min of games) |
−2.4* | −1.2* | −22.2* | HOMA-IR |
|
| ||||||||||||
| Van der Heijden et al. [41] | 17 boys 12 girls |
15.1 | Obese exercise Lean exercise |
91.7 57.2 |
33.7 20.6 |
4.9 1.7 |
12 wk | 2 days/wk, 30 min/day ≥70% of VO2 peak treadmill, elliptical, cycle |
−0.5†
0.8* |
−0.4†
0.1 |
−16.3∗†
11.8 |
HOMA-IR |
BMI: body mass index; BW: body weight; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; IS: insulin sensitivity; Δ: Change score.
*Significantly different from baseline within each group (P < 0.05).
†Significantly different from controls or other groups (P < 0.05).