TABLE 3.
ORs for the Associations Between Urinary BPA Levels and Cardiovascular and Diabetic Risk Factors
| Risk Factor | Q1 (<1.3 ng/mL) | Q2 (1.3–2.6 ng/mL) | P Value | Q3 (2.6–4.9 ng/mL) | P Value | Q4 (>4.9 ng/mL) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TC ≥200 mg/dL | |||||||
| Sample sizea | 689 | 774 | 760 | 779 | |||
| Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | 1 (referent) | 0.85 (0.51–1.42) | .5 | 0.75 (0.48–1.17) | .2 | 1.36 (0.88–2.13) | .2 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI)b | 1 (referent) | 0.84 (0.51–1.38) | .5 | 0.75 (0.47–1.20) | .2 | 1.40 (0.86–2.27) | .2 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI)c | 1 (referent) | 0.86 (0.51–1.45) | .6 | 0.77 (0.49–1.23) | .3 | 1.42 (0.88–2.28) | .1 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI)d | 1 (referent) | 0.84 (0.51–1.39) | .5 | 0.74 (0.46–1.19) | .2 | 1.32 (0.81–2.17) | .3 |
| HDL ≤35 mg/dL | |||||||
| Sample sizea | 689 | 774 | 760 | 779 | |||
| Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | 1 (referent) | 0.90 (0.52–1.59) | .7 | 1.36 (0.69–2.69) | .4 | 1.26 (0.71–2.26) | .4 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI)b | 1 (referent) | 0.86 (0.45–1.66) | .6 | 1.30 (0.61–2.77) | .5 | 1.08 (0.51–2.30) | .8 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI)c | 1 (referent) | 0.91 (0.47–1.74) | .8 | 1.37 (0.64–2.91) | .4 | 1.15 (0.55–2.42) | .7 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI)d | 1 (referent) | 0.86 (0.45–1.67) | .7 | 1.31 (0.61–2.81) | .5 | 1.13 (0.52–2.44) | .8 |
| Fasting LDL ≥130 mg/dL | |||||||
| Sample sizea | 173 | 184 | 186 | 239 | |||
| Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | 1 (referent) | 0.75 (0.21–2.60) | .6 | 1.59 (0.54–4.64) | .4 | 1.85 (0.56–6.06) | .3 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI)b | 1 (referent) | 0.69 (0.19–2.56) | .6 | 1.38 (0.41–4.60) | .6 | 1.57 (0.44–5.68) | .5 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI)c | 1 (referent) | 0.68 (0.18–2.60) | .6 | 1.37 (0.42–4.49) | .6 | 1.56 (0.43–5.62) | .5 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI)d | 1 (referent) | 0.68 (0.18–2.57) | .6 | 1.37 (0.40–4.65) | .6 | 1.57 (0.43–5.75) | .5 |
| Fasting TG ≥ 150 mg/dL | |||||||
| Sample sizea | 173 | 184 | 186 | 240 | |||
| Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | 1 (referent) | 1.21 (0.48–3.07) | .7 | 1.80 (0.66–4.86) | .2 | 1.91 (0.82–4.47) | .1 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI)b | 1 (referent) | 1.11 (0.36–3.42) | .9 | 1.77 (0.67–4.71) | .2 | 2.28 (0.72–7.20) | .2 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI)c | 1 (referent) | 1.40 (0.49–4.00) | .5 | 2.03 (0.79–5.20) | .1 | 2.56 (0.74–8.78) | .1 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI)d | 1 (referent) | 1.11 (0.37–3.32) | .8 | 1.60 (0.61–4.18) | .3 | 2.08 (0.63–6.87) | .2 |
| HOMA-IRd ≥4.39 | |||||||
| Sample sizea | 155 | 158 | 155 | 196 | |||
| Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | 1 (referent) | 1.66 (0.76–3.64) | .2 | 1.17 (0.56–2.44) | .7 | 1.35 (0.66–2.76) | .4 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI)b | 1 (referent) | 2.27 (0.79–6.48) | .1 | 1.27 (0.43–3.80) | .7 | 2.03 (0.75–5.50) | .2 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI)c | 1 (referent) | 2.30 (0.93–5.72) | .07 | 1.43 (0.54–3.83) | .5 | 2.13 (0.84–5.39) | .1 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI)d | 1 (referent) | 2.28 (0.77–6.72) | .1 | 1.27 (0.41–3.98) | .7 | 2.07 (0.72–5.94) | .2 |
| Fasting glucose ≥100 mg/dL | |||||||
| Sample sizea | 155 | 161 | 158 | 201 | |||
| Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | 1 (referent) | 0.83 (0.38–1.80) | .6 | 1.11 (0.54–2.28) | .8 | 0.56 (0.27–1.15) | .1 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI)b | 1 (referent) | 0.77 (0.33–1.79) | .5 | 1.23 (0.52–2.90) | .6 | 0.61 (0.21–1.73) | .3 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI)c | 1 (referent) | 0.80 (0.34–1.88) | .6 | 1.24 (0.52–2.96) | .6 | 0.60 (0.21–1.71) | .3 |
| Adjusted OR (95% CI)d | 1 (referent) | 0.77 (0.33–1.78) | .5 | 1.32 (0.57–3.04) | .5 | 0.63 (0.22–1.82) | .4 |
a
Unweighted n.
b
Adjusted for BMI percentile, age, gender, race–ethnicity, urine creatinine, poverty-to-income ratio, and serum cotinine as a marker of smoking status.
c
Adjusted for age, gender, race–ethnicity, urine creatinine, poverty to income ratio, and serum cotinine as a marker of smoking status.
d
Adjusted for soda consumption, BMI percentile, age, gender, race–ethnicity, urine creatinine, poverty to income ratio, and serum cotinine as a marker of smoking status.