Table 5.
Cox proportional hazards regression analysis identifying predictors of new-onset hypertension.
| Baseline and clinical characteristics | Moderate or higher hypertension | Severe or crisis-level hypertension | Crisis-level hypertension | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) |
P value | Hazard ratio (95% CI) |
P Value | Hazard ratio (95% CI) |
P value | |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Female | 1.02 (0.97–1.09) | 0.42 | 1.29 (1.09–1.53) | 0.0027 | 1.28 (1.08–1.51) | 0.0039 |
| Age | ||||||
| 18–<30 | 0.60 (0.42–0.87) | 0.0073 | 0.00 (0.00–>999) | 0.92 | 0.00 (0.00–>999) | 0.92 |
| 30–<50 | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| 50–<65 | 1.55 (1.45–1.67) | <0.0001 | 1.87 (1.49–2.35) | <0.0001 | 1.87 (1.49–2.34) | <0.0001 |
| ≥65 | 2.13 (1.97–2.30) | <0.0001 | 2.71 (2.13–3.46) | <0.0001 | 2.74 (2.15–3.50) | <0.0001 |
| Year of diagnosis | ||||||
| 2000–2002 | 0.95 (0.88–1.02) | 0.16 | 1.20 (0.97–1.49) | 0.096 | 0.98 (0.79–1.23) | 0.89 |
| 2003–2005 | 0.93 (0.88–0.97) | 0.0023 | 1.10 (0.95–1.26) | 0.2 | 0.97 (0.84–1.12) | 0.67 |
| 2006–2008 | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Cancer type | ||||||
| Breast | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Lung | 1.20 (1.12–1.29) | <0.0001 | 1.25 (1.03–1.51) | 0.027 | 1.38 (1.13–1.67) | 0.0013 |
| Colorectal | 1.33 (1.24–1.43) | <0.0001 | 1.72 (1.42–2.08) | <0.0001 | 1.77 (1.46–2.14) | <0.0001 |
| Head and neck | 1.29 (1.11–1.49) | 0.0007 | 1.55 (1.01–2.37) | 0.044 | 1.74 (1.13–2.66) | 0.011 |
| Gastric | 1.31 (1.08–1.60) | 0.0069 | 2.14 (1.31–3.47) | 0.0022 | 2.37 (1.46–3.85) | 0.0005 |
| Ovarian | 1.31 (1.16–1.48) | <0.0001 | 1.89 (1.38–2.57) | <0.0001 | 1.95 (1.43–2.66) | <0.0001 |
| Cervical | 1.63 (1.33–2.00) | <0.0001 | 1.46 (0.75–2.85) | 0.26 | 1.63 (0.84–3.18) | 0.15 |
| Renal | 1.83 (1.57–2.12) | <0.0001 | 1.52 (0.96–2.42) | 0.074 | 1.67 (1.05–2.66) | 0.03 |
| Melanoma | 1.07 (0.90–1.26) | 0.44 | 1.31 (0.81–2.13) | 0.27 | 1.41 (0.86–2.29) | 0.17 |
| Prostate | 1.47 (1.32–1.64) | <0.0001 | 1.47 (1.06–2.04) | 0.021 | 1.54 (1.11–2.14) | 0.0095 |
| Connective and other soft tissue |
1.32 (1.10–1.58) | 0.0022 | 1.00 (0.51–1.95) | 0.99 | 1.05 (0.54–2.05) | 0.89 |
| Baseline BP status | ||||||
| Ideal normal BP | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Prehypertension | 2.60 (2.45–2.77) | <0.0001 | 2.56 (2.13–3.07) | <0.0001 | 2.54 (2.12–3.05) | <0.0001 |
| Clinic type | ||||||
| Hospital | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Community | 0.88 (0.83–0.93) | <0.0001 | 1.29 (1.09–1.52) | 0.0026 | 1.24 (1.05–1.46) | 0.01 |
| Health insurance type | ||||||
| Private | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Public | 1.18 (1.08–1.28) | 0.0002 | 1.45 (1.12–1.86) | 0.0042 | 1.47 (1.14–1.89) | 0.0032 |
| Self | 1.41 (1.02–1.94) | 0.035 | 0.38 (0.05–2.69) | 0.33 | 0.39 (0.05–2.81) | 0.35 |
| Mixed | 1.09 (1.01–1.18) | 0.026 | 1.42 (1.12–1.79) | 0.0034 | 1.41 (1.12–1.78) | 0.0037 |
| Other/unknown | 1.09 (1.03–1.16) | 0.0057 | 1.64 (1.35–1.99) | <0.0001 | 1.61 (1.33–1.95) | <0.0001 |
| Region of residence | ||||||
| Northeast | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| South | 1.26 (1.00–1.58) | 0.049 | 1.75 (0.83–3.70) | 0.14 | 1.68 (0.79–3.55) | 0.18 |
| Midwest | 1.56 (1.23–1.97) | 0.0002 | 2.54 (1.19–5.43) | 0.016 | 2.42 (1.13–5.17) | 0.022 |
| West | 0.85 (0.67–1.09) | 0.2 | 1.13 (0.52–2.47) | 0.75 | 1.10 (0.51–2.40) | 0.81 |
| Chemotherapy | ||||||
| No chemotherapy | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| First-line cytotoxic | 2.19 (2.07–2.32) | <0.0001 | 1.98 (1.69–2.33) | <0.0001 | 2.65 (2.24–3.14) | <0.0001 |
| First-line targeted | 2.28 (1.90–2.74) | <0.0001 | 2.99 (1.89–4.73) | <0.0001 | 3.45 (2.18–5.46) | <0.0001 |
| First-line combination | 3.39 (3.05–3.76) | <0.0001 | 3.20 (2.44–4.20) | <0.0001 | 3.65 (2.78–4.80) | <0.0001 |
| Second-line cytotoxic | 2.46 (2.18–2.76) | <0.0001 | 1.66 (1.11–2.49) | 0.013 | 1.56 (1.04–2.33) | 0.03 |
| Second-line targeted | 3.15 (1.78–5.57) | <0.0001 | 7.93 (2.52–24.93) | 0.0004 | 6.69 (2.13–21.04) | 0.0011 |
| Second-line combination | 3.52 (3.07–4.05) | <0.0001 | 2.79 (1.81–4.31) | <0.0001 | 2.45 (1.59–3.78) | <0.0001 |
| Third-line cytotoxic | 2.77 (2.18–3.54) | <0.0001 | 1.60 (0.59–4.30) | 0.35 | 1.22 (0.45–3.28) | 0.69 |
| Third-line targeted | 3.49 (1.45–8.36) | 0.0052 | 8.01 (1.12–57.31) | 0.038 | 5.44 (0.76–38.88) | 0.091 |
| Third-line combination | 2.50 (1.97–3.17) | <0.0001 | 1.57 (0.58–4.21) | 0.37 | 1.16 (0.43–3.11) | 0.77 |
Ideal normal BP: SBP < 120 mm Hg and DBP < 80 mm Hg. Prehypertension: SBP 120–150 mm Hg or DBP 80–100 mm Hg. Moderate hypertension: 150 mm Hg < SBP ≤ 160 mm Hg or 100 mm Hg < DBP ≤ 110 mm Hg. Severe hypertension: 160 mm Hg < SBP ≤ 180 mm Hg or 110 mm Hg < DBP ≤ 120 mm Hg. Crisis-level hypertension: 180 mm Hg < SBP or 120 mm Hg < DBP. BP: blood pressure; CI: confidence interval; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; SBP: systolic blood pressure.