Table 3.

Cox proportional hazards models for ABC and for HGBC. Reduced model, baseline hazard stratified on gender with gender specific effects. (a) Smoking intensity capped at 2 packs, (b) smoking duration is linear, (c) years quit is 0 for current smokers, current age for non-smokers. Baseline cumulative hazard at 5 years: ABC females, 1.438e-05; ABC males, 6.374e-05; HGBC females, 1.262e-06; HGBC males, 6.642e-06

Parameter	Any Bladder Cancer		High-Grade Bladder Cancer
	RR (95% CI)	p-value	RR (95%CI)	p-value
Age	1.060 (1.05-1.07)	< 0.000001	1.072 (1.05-1.09)	< 0.000001
Race
White (ref)	1		1
Black	0.386 (0.26-0.57)	1.10E-06	0.518 (0.30-0.91)	0.022
Other	0.576 (0.41-0.80)	0.0012	0.621 (0.36-1.07)	0.086
Educational Level
Less than HS	0.826 (0.67-1.02)	0.069	0.684 (0.47-1.00)	0.051
HS graduate (ref)	1		1
More than HS	0.820 (0.72-0.93)	0.0023	0.902 (0.72-1.13)	0.37
Smoking
min(packs/day, 2)	1.318 (1.18-1.47)	< 0.000001	1.422 (1.19-1.70)	0.00014
Duration (18)	1.022 (1.02-1.03)	< 0.000001	1.023 (1.02-1.03)	< 0.000001
Years since quitting	1.003 (1.00-1.01)	0.072	1.003 (1.00-1.01)	0.26
Family History of Cancer
None (ref)	1		1
Bladder	1.283 (0.87-1.89)	0.21	1.825 (1.04-3.20)	0.036
Renal	1.102 (0.70-1.74)	0.68	1.376 (0.68-2.79)	0.38
Other Malignancies	1.103 (0.99-1.23)	0.075	1.024 (0.85-1.23)	0.80
Co-morbidities
2 or more (ref)	1
1	1.033 (0.91-1.17)	0.61
None	0.871 (0.76-1.00)	0.05
Nocturia (x night)
None (ref)			1
1x			1.090 (0.80-1.49)	0.59
2x			1.194 (0.85-1.69)	0.31
3x			1.454 (0.95-2.22)	0.084
≥4x			2.052 (1.21-3.49)	0.008
Syphilis	1.896 (1.14-3.17)	0.014	1.945 (0.86-4.39)	0.11
Hormone replacement use
Never (ref)	1		1
Former	1.495 (1.08-2.08)	0.017	2.299 (1.26-4.19)	0.0065
Current	1.107 (0.83-1.47)	0.48	1.206 (0.68-2.14)	0.52