Table 2.
Changes from control observed by the Butterfield group with regard to the HO/BVR-A system in AD and MCI subjects (Barone et al., 2011a; Barone et al., 2011b; Barone et al., 2012a; Calabrese et al., 2006; Di Domenico et al., 2012; Di Domenico et al., 2010)
| Hippocampus | Cerebellum | IPL | Plasma | Lymphocyte | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HO-1 protein levels | MCI | ≠ | ≠ | N/A |
 70%, *
|
- |
| AD |
119%, **
|
 38%, ns |
400%,**
|
130%, *
|
150%, **,%
|
|
| HO-1 oxidation | MCI |
HNE 85%, *
|
HNE 36%, *
|
- | - | - |
| AD |
PC 30%, **
|
PC 32%, *
|
- | - | - | |
|
HNE 52%, *
|
||||||
| HO-1 phosphorylation | MCI | ≠ |
pSer 24%, *
|
- | - | - |
| AD |
pSer 26%, *
|
pSer 21%, *
|
- | - | - | |
| HO-2 protein levels | MCI |
32%, *
|
≠ |
270%, **
|
- | - |
| AD |
32%, *
|
≠ | - | - | - | |
| BVR-A protein levels | MCI |
44%, *
|
≠ | - |
10%, ns |
- |
| AD |
45%, **
|
≠ | - |
36%, *
|
- | |
| BVR-A oxidation | MCI |
3-NT 30%, **
|
≠ | - |
3-NT 24%, *
|
- |
| AD |
3-NT 95%, **
|
≠ | - |
3-NT 44%, *
|
- | |
| BVR-A phosphorylation | MCI |
pTyr 20%, *
|
≠ |
pTyr 22%, *
|
||
|
pSer/Thr 40%, **
|
- | - | ||||
| AD |
pTyr 40%, **
|
≠ |
pTyr 57%, *
|
|||
|
pSer/Thr 28%, **
|
- | - | ||||
| BVR activity | MCI |
40%, **
|
≠ | - | ≠ | - |
| AD |
27%, **
|
≠ | - |
30%, *
|
- |
Increase,
decrease, ≠ no changes,
*
p<0.05,
**
p<0.01,
ns non significant, N/A not applicable, IPL Inferior Parietal Lobule,
%
Corresponding author: V. Calabrese.