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. 2013 Dec 24;13:215. doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-13-215

Table 3.

Intake and absorption of calcium and fat*

Variables
Metabolic crossover phase
 
PALM
NoPALM
  (n = 17) (n = 17)
CALCIUM
 
 
Calcium Intake, mg/kg/day
48.3 ± 8.9
72.7 ± 11.8a
Stool calcium, mg/kg/day
27.9 ±10.1
30.3 ± 14.7
Calcium absorbed, mg/kg/day
20.4 ± 9.6
42.4 ± 14.6b
Calcium absorption, %
42.1 ±19.2
58.8 ± 16.7c
Urinary calcium, mg/kg/day
1.69 ± 0.85
1.43 ± 0.77
Calcium retention, mg/kg/day
18.7 ± 9.4
41.0 ± 14.5a
FAT
 
 
Fat intake, g/kg/day
4.7 ± 0.9
4.5 ± 0.7
Stool fat, g/kg/day
0.22 ± 0.08
0.14 ± 0.06d
Fat absorbed, g/kg/day
4.52 ± 0.85
4.33 ± 0.73
Fat absorption, % 95.1 ± 1.5 96.9 ± 1.2e

*Values are means ± SD.

a = p <0.001; b = p = 0.009; c = p = 0.023, but using calcium intake as covariate yielded p = 0.104; d = Significant carryover effect (p = 0.071), therefore, valid period I significant difference (p = 0.027).

e = Significant carryover effect (p = 0.059), therefore, valid period I significant difference (p = 0.020).