Table 1.
Presence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and the pandemic O3:K6 clone in clinical cases and the environment on the American continent.
| Country (year of isolation) | Source of isolates and serovars collected (origin type) | Reference | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (No. Cases) Clinical | Pandemic ()* | Other serotypes | (No. Samples) Environmental | Pandemic ()* | Other serotypes | ||
| Peru (1993–2007) | (424) Gastroenteritis | O3:K6 (1996) | O1:K33, O2:K3, O3:K30, O3:K58 | Fish | O3:K6 (1996) | No data available | Gil et al., 2007 |
| O3:K68 | O3:K68, O4:K8, O4:K12, O4:K55 | ||||||
| O3:K58 | O6:K18, O6:K46, O11:K15, O1:KUT, O2:KUT | Shrimp | Gavilan et al., 2013 | ||||
| OUT:K6 | O5:KUT, O6:KUT, O11:KUT, OUT:K3 | ||||||
| OUT:K6, OUT:K8, OUT:K46, OUT:KUT | |||||||
| Chile (1998–2013) | (>16000) Gastroenteritis | O3:K6 (1998) | O1:K56, O3:K6, O3:K59, O4:K12 | Shellfish | O3:K6 (1998) | O3:KUT | Gonzalez-Escalona et al., 2005 |
| O10:K20, O1:KUT, O3:KUT, OUT:KUT | Garcia et al., 2009 | ||||||
| Harth et al., 2009 | |||||||
| United States of America (1973–2012) | 6159 | O3:K6 (1998) | O1:K20, O1:K25, O1:K33, O1:K43 | Shellfish | No data available | Daniels et al., 2000a,b | |
| Gastroenteritis | O1:K56, O3:K39, O3:K5, O3:K56 | Depaola et al., 2000 | |||||
| Wound infections Septicemia | O4:K4, O4:K8, O4:K9, O4:K12 | McLaughlin et al., 2005 | |||||
| O4:K13, O4:K34, O4:K37, O4:K42 | Newton et al., 2012 | ||||||
| O4:K53, O4:K63, O5:K17, O5:K30 | Fish | ||||||
| O5:K47,O6:K18, O8:K41, O8:K70 | |||||||
| O1:KUT, O3:KUT, O4:KUT, O5:KUT | |||||||
| O6:KUT, O8:KUT, O10:KUT, O11:KUT | |||||||
| Brazil (1989–2002) | (39) Gastroenteritis | O3:K6 (2002) | O1:K56, O3:K5 O3:K6, O3:K58 | (23) Shellfish | No data available | Hofer, 1983 | |
| O3:KUT | O3:KUT, O4:K4, O4:K10, O4:K12 O4:K53, O4:KUT, O5:KUT, O10:KUT | Magalhaes et al., 1991a,b, 1992 | |||||
| Leal et al., 2008 | |||||||
| Sobrinho Pde et al., 2010 | |||||||
| Mexico (2001–2010) | (>1379) Gastroenteritis | O3:K6 (2004) | O1:KUT, O1:K9, O1:K33, O3:K58 | (190) Shellfish | O3:K6 (2004) | O1:K25, O1:K26, O1:K32, O1:K33 | Cabrera-Garcia et al., 2004 |
| O3:KUT | O3:K68, O4:KUT, O4:K8, O4:K10 | Fish | O3:KUT | O1:K41, O1:K56, O2:K28, O3:k4 | Cabanillas-Beltran et al., 2006 | ||
| O4:K12, O4:K63, O5:K15, O5:K17 | Seawater | O10:KUT | O3:K6, O3:K29, O3:K32, O3:K33 | ||||
| O6:K46, O8:K20, O10:K52, O1:KUT | O3:K58, O3:K59, O3:K68, O4:K10 | Velazquez-Roman et al., 2012 | |||||
| O4:K12, O4:K53, O4:K68, O5:K15, | |||||||
| O5:K17, O5:K68, O6:K6, O6:K46 | |||||||
| O4:KUT, O5:KUT, O8:KUT, O11:KUT | Sediment | O8:K8, O8:K20, O8:K21, O10:K52, | |||||
| OUT:KUT | O1:KUT, O2:KUT, O3:KUT, O4:KUT | ||||||
| O5:KUT, O6:KUT, O7:KUT, O10:KUT | |||||||
| O11:KUT, OUT:K8, OUT:KUT | |||||||
| Canada (1997–2006) | (>200) Gastroenteritis | No data available | Shellfish | No data available | FAO/WHO, 2011 | ||
| Khaira and Galanis, 2007 | |||||||
| Costa Rica (1985–2002) | (77) Shellfish | No data available | Garcia Cortes and Antillon, 1990 | ||||
| Sediment | Díaz, 2002 | ||||||
| Puerto Rico (1986–1988) | Shellfish | No data available | Rivera Susan et al., 1989 | ||||
| Panama (1974–1975) | (>1) Gastroenteritis | No data available | Shrimp | No data available | Kourany et al., 1974; Kourany and Vasquez, 1975 | ||
| Venezuela (2011) | Shellfish | No data available | Grau et al., 2004 | ||||
| Prawn | Muñoz et al., 2008 | ||||||
| Coral | Garcia-Amado et al., 2011 | ||||||
| Argentina (1977) | Shellfish | No data available | Casellas et al., 1977 | ||||
*
Year of isolation of O3:K6 pandemic clone.