Table 3.
Cancer type | miRNA dysregulation | Chemotherapeutic outcome prediction | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Metastatic breast cancer |
miR-26a ↑ |
- Multivariate analysis revealed that miR-26a and CDC2 (cell cycle regulator) are an optimal set of markers associated with favorable outcome on tamoxifen therapy, independently of traditional predictive factors (menopausal status, ER & PgR mRNA expression) |
[75] |
- Mechanistic analysis showed that miR-26a repressed EZH2 to upregulate ER, thereby enhancing sensitivity to anti-estrogen therapy | |||
CRC |
miR-181b↓ & let-7 g↓ |
Associated with responsiveness to 4th generation fluoropyrimidine-based adjuvant therapy |
[76] |
CRC |
miR-215↑ |
- miR-215 level generally downregulated in clinical CRC specimen |
[77] |
- ↑miR-215 caused chemoresistance of HCT116 to methotrexate and tomudex | |||
- No impact on treatment outcome from cisplatin and doxorubicin | |||
- High level of miR-215 was found in CRC stem cells | |||
Metastatic CRC |
miR-146b-3p↑ & miR-486-5p↑ |
- miRNAs level found to be more abundant in patients with mutant KRAS |
[78] |
- Predictive of resistance to cetuximab (EGFR targeting monoclonal antibody) | |||
Metastatic CRC |
miR-200b ↑ |
- In KRAS mutated tumors, ↑ miR-200b and ↓ miR-143 were associated with a good PFS in patients on cetuximab |
[79] |
miR-143 ↓ | |||
- In wild-type KRAS patients, miRNA expression did not correlate with PFS in a multivariate model | |||
GBM |
5-miRNAs signature (miR-181d, miR-518b, miR-524-5p, miR-566, miR-1227) |
- Patients who had low risk scores from the 5-miRNA signature and received temozolomide treatment had better survival |
[80] |
- Useful for identifying patients for more aggressive therapy | |||
Hepatocellular carcinoma |
miR-26↓ |
Lower miR-26 is associated with shorter overall survival but a better response to interferon therapy |
[81] |
NSCLC |
miR-21 ↑ |
Increased miR-21 in patients not responding to platinum-based chemotherapy |
[82] |
Lung cancer |
miR-128b LOH |
Predictive of clinical response and prolonged survival following gefitinib treatment |
[83] |
Ovarian cancer |
let-7i↓ |
Predictive of resistance to cisplatin |
[84] |
Pancreatic cancer |
miR-21↑ |
- Predictive of resistance to gemcitabine, docetaxel, temozolomide and 5-fluorouracil |
[85,86] |
- Associated with shorter overall survival in the metastatic and adjuvant setting | |||
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | miR-10b ↓ | Lower levels of miR-10b is associated with improved response to multimodality neoadjuvant therapy. Likelihood of surgical resection, delayed time to metastasis and increased survival | [87] |
Abbreviations: CRC = colorectal cancer; EGFR = epidermal growth factor receptor; ER = estrogen receptor; GBM = glioblastoma multiforme; LOH = loss of heterozygosity; NSCLC = non-small cell lung cancer; PFS = progression-free survival; PgR = progesterone receptor.