Table 3.

Results of seven functions with three algorithms (L = 10).

Function	HSDE	HDE	GA
f 1	0	0	0.0714 ± 0.0341
f 2	0	0	0.0482 ± 0.0090
f 3	1.4868e − 06 ± 5.3600e − 06	8.3092e − 06 ± 2.6265e − 05	81.1709 ± 57.6638
f 4	0	0	0.6928 ± 0.2275
f 5	−4.1646e + 03 ± 53.1791	−4.1898e + 03 ± 9.5869e − 13	−3.7682e + 03 ± 0.3011
f 6	8.8820e − 16 ± 2.0788e − 31	8.8820e − 16 ± 2.0788e − 31	0.1348 ± 0.0492
f 7	0.0138 ± 0.0107	0.0143 ± 0.0084	0.1653 ± 0.0395