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. 2013 Dec 18;2013:716532. doi: 10.1155/2013/716532

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Copyright © 2013 A. Ismail et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Effects of β-adrenergic receptors' blockage on changes in (a) MAP, (b) SBP, (c) DBP, and (d) HR by various treatments in WKY rats (n = 5). Prop: 2 mg/kg propranolol hydrochloride, Isop: 1.2 μg/kg isoproterenol hydrochloride, ΔMAP/SBP/DBP/HR: changes of MAP/SBP/DBP/HR from baseline (expressed as mean percentage ± SD), AESP: aqueous extract of S. polyanthum leaves, met-AESP: residual methanolic extract of S. polyanthum leaves, WKY: Wistar-Kyoto rats, SHR: spontaneously hypertensive rats. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001.