Table 4.
Hazard ratios for liver cancer risk by quartiles (Q) of dietary patterns in the Shanghai Women's (1997–2000) and Men's (2002–2006) Health Studies, stratified by history of chronic liver disease
| No history of chronic liver disease | History of chronic liver disease | P for interaction | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases (n = 183) | HR (95% CI) | Cases (n = 84) | HR (95% CI) | ||
| Vegetable‐based dietary pattern | |||||
| Q1 | 49 | 1.00 | 29 | 1.00 | |
| Q2 | 49 | 1.03 (0.69–1.53) | 23 | 0.94 (0.54–1.63) | |
| Q3 | 49 | 1.06 (0.71–1.58) | 21 | 0.75 (0.43–1.33) | |
| Q4 | 36 | 0.78 (0.50–1.21) | 11 | 0.34 (0.17–0.69) | |
| P for trend | 0.36 | <0.01 | 0.28 | ||
| Fruit‐based dietary pattern | |||||
| Q1 | 49 | 1.00 | 17 | 1.00 | |
| Q2 | 50 | 1.18 (0.79–1.76) | 16 | 0.84 (0.42–1.67) | |
| Q3 | 48 | 1.26 (0.84–1.90) | 25 | 1.17 (0.62–2.24) | |
| Q4 | 36 | 1.05 (0.67–1.66) | 26 | 1.17 (0.60–2.29) | |
| P for trend | 0.67 | 0.44 | 0.55 | ||
| Meat‐based dietary pattern | |||||
| Q1 | 58 | 1.00 | 19 | 1.00 | |
| Q2 | 42 | 0.86 (0.58–1.29) | 29 | 1.47 (0.82–2.65) | |
| Q3 | 37 | 0.93 (0.61–1.41) | 19 | 1.07 (0.56–2.05) | |
| Q4 | 46 | 1.38 (0.91–2.10) | 17 | 0.89 (0.44–1.81) | |
| P for trend | 0.20 | 0.58 | 0.17 | ||
Hazard ratio (HR) adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, total energy intake, family income level, education level, family history of liver cancer in first‐degree relatives, history of diabetes, history of cholelithiasis or cholecystectomy, vitamin C and E and multivitamin supplement use, and mutual adjustment for three dietary patterns. CI, confidence interval; Q, quartiles.