Table 2.
Left ventricular mass indices and proteinuria by ambulatory blood pressure subtype
| Model | Normotension (N = 176) | Isolated daytime hypertension (N = 16) | Isolated nocturnal hypertension (N = 81) | Day–night hypertension (N = 152) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LV Mass (g); N = 416 | ||||
| Model 1: Unadjusted | 136.16 (3.58) | 147.84 (12.16) | 152.46 (5.23) | 169.84 (3.88) |
| P = 0.36 | P = 0.01 | P < 0.01 | ||
| Model 2: Age and gender adjusted | 137.42 (3.53) | 142.26 (11.99) | 152.32 (5.13) | 169.00 (3.82) |
| P = 0.70 | P = 0.02 | P < 0.01 | ||
| Model 3: Multivariable adjusteda | 136.32 (3.98) | 139.03 (13.86) | 147.54 (5.81) | 162.33 (4.45) |
| P = 0.85 | P = 0.12 | P < 0.01 | ||
| LV Hypertrophy (LVMI ≥ 51 g/m 2 ); N = 415 | ||||
| Model 1: Unadjusted Prevalence | 1.0 3.5% | 1.98 (0.22, 17.59) 6.7% | 3.03 (1.02, 9.05) 9.9% | 6.23 (2.49, 15.55) 18.4% |
| P = 0.54 | P = 0.05 | P < 0.01 | ||
| Model 2: Age and gender adjusted | 1.0 | 2.18 (0.24, 19.73) | 2.89 (0.96, 8.69) | 5.99 (2.38, 15.08) |
| P = 0.49 | P = 0.06 | P < 0.01 | ||
| Model 3: Multivariable adjusteda | 1.0 | b | 2.58 (0.75, 8.94) | 4.64 (1.60, 13.48) |
| P = 0.13 | P < 0.01 | |||
| Proteinuria (UACR > 30 mmol/dl); N = 340 | ||||
| Model 1: Unadjusted Prevalence | 1.0 2.9% | c | 3.34 (0.91, 12.28) 9.0% | 4.49 (1.44, 14.04) 11.7% |
| P = 0.07 | P = 0.01 | |||
| Model 2: Age and gender adjusted | 1.0 | c | 3.29 (0.89, 12.19) | 4.41 (1.40, 13.94) |
| P = 0.08 | P = 0.01 | |||
| Model 3: Multivariable adjusteda | 1.0 | c | 1.95 (0.46, 8.22) | 2.66 (0.77, 9.19) |
| P = 0.37 | P = 0.12 | |||
Means and standard errors are shown for LV mass; odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals are shown for LV hypertrophy and proteinuria. Unadjusted prevalence rates for LV hypertrophy and proteinuria for each group are shown in the second line of the unadjusted models for these dependent variables. P values indicate significance level for contrast with normotension, 2-tailed test.
Abbreviations: LV, left ventricular; LVMI, left ventricular mass index; UCAR, urinary albumin creatinine ratio.
aCovariates: diabetes, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, metabolic syndrome, urinary sodium creatinine ratio, daytime pulse pressure, alcohol use.
bIsolated daytime hypertension dropped from analysis because there were no cases of LV hypertrophy in this group after removing cases with missing data for the covariate variables.
cIsolated daytime hypertension dropped from analysis because there were no cases of proteinuria in this group.