Estimated primordial, primary, secondary, and antral follicle counts were measured for the fresh, 0 mmol/L S1P, 0.5 mmol/L S1P, and 2 mmol/L S1P groups on day 10 after transplantation. A significant decline in the follicle pool was observed in the control group compared with that of the fresh group (P < .001). In the ovarian tissues pretreated with S1P, the follicle counts of all follicle types were reduced compared with those of the fresh group. The follicle pool was significantly higher in the S1P-pretreated groups than in the control group. The data are expressed as means ± standard error of the mean. *P < .05, **P < .01, ***P < .001. S1P indicates sphingosine-1-phosphate.